Antipyretics for children are prescribed by a pediatrician. But there are emergency situations with fever when the child needs to be given medicine immediately. Then the parents take responsibility and use antipyretic drugs. What is allowed to be given to infants? How can you lower the temperature in older children? What medications are the safest?
Ketoprofen injections are prescribed to patients for various diseases accompanied by fever and pain. The solution for injection is available in glass ampoules of 2 ml. In addition to Ketoprofen, the solution contains distilled water, alcohol and alkali. One cardboard package contains 2 ampoules and instructions for use. The price of the drug varies from 100 to 250 rubles.
How are Ketoprofen injections used?
Instructions for use of the drug contain detailed characteristics of the active substance.
Ketoprofen, or ketonal, is used to reduce fever and relieve pain. It resembles ibuprofen in its structure and properties. It was included in the list of vital drugs. For comparison, 25 mg of ketonal is equivalent to 400 mg of ibuprofen and 650 mg of aspirin.
Application and dosage are prescribed by a doctor. Many people ask the question of what. Both substances belong to non-steroidal drugs and have all the characteristics of drugs in this series, but Ketoprofen has a more pronounced analgesic effect, and Diclofenac has an anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, the manufacturer placed only 2 ampoules of the medicine in the package. They are designed to relieve severe pain. In 1 day you can make 2 injections. The drug should not be used for more than 3 days.
Ketoprofen solution is much safer and more effective than tablets in the sense that its effect on the body occurs very quickly due to the direct injection of the substance into the muscle. This way it reaches the blood much faster and does not burden the liver. The time of highest concentration in the blood is reached 30 minutes after administration. If it gets into the synovinal fluid (for knee pain), the drug lasts about 20 hours.
Due to their oral use, tablets must undergo filtration through the liver, where part of the active substance will be lost and have a detrimental effect on the cells of this organ. In addition, Ketoprofen is harmful to people with stomach diseases, because... it irritates the mucous membrane. Patients with severe gastritis or stomach ulcers are usually prescribed an injectable form of the drug.
When are injections prescribed?
Indications for the use of the drug are different. Ketoprofen is intended to relieve or reduce pain in the following diseases:
- Rheumatism is pain and aches in the joints and muscles.
- Arthritis against the background of psoriasis.
- Pain in the spine.
- Gout.
- Osteoarthritis (it should be noted that the medication does not affect the progression of the disease).
- Myalgia.
- Neuralgia.
- Ossalgia.
- Bursitis.
- Arthralgia.
- Tendinitis.
- Adnexitis.
- Radiculitis.
- Otitis.
- Migraine.
- Menstrual syndrome.
- Toothache.
- Pain after surgery, trauma due to cancer and inflammation.
People often turn to Ketoprofen for acute pain in the musculoskeletal system. Those who have ever experienced an acute attack of osteochondrosis probably know the degree of pain. Any movement, even the slightest one, increases the pain. At such a moment, the number one issue in providing first aid becomes the fastest possible relief of pain.
Injections with ketonal cope with this task perfectly. Ketofen is an excellent remedy for back and lower back pain, as well as for joint pain.
Advantages of the injection form
In favor of injections you can add:
- Accuracy of dose determination (almost 99% of the active substance reaches the site of inflammation, which cannot be said about tablets).
- Providing rapid pain relief.
- Direct injection of the substance into the lesion (blockade). Produced only by a specialist.
- After injections, the pain relief effect lasts for a long time.
When the medicine is contraindicated
Contraindications to the use of the medicine:
- Exacerbation of any disease of the gastrointestinal tract (gastritis, duodenitis, ulcers, etc.).
- Changes in hematopoiesis (poor clotting).
- Intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid.
- Disorders of the liver and kidneys.
- Cardiac bypass surgery.
- Last trimester of pregnancy.
- Breastfeeding period
- Age up to 18 years.
Side effects
Side effects may occur as follows.
Digestive system:
- often: gastritis, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, bloating, loss of appetite, diarrhea;
- rarely: stomatitis, serious liver disorders, damage to the intestinal mucosa, internal bleeding (gums, stomach, intestines, hemorrhoids, etc.).
Nervous system:
- often: migraine, dizziness, loss of strength, disturbance and loss of sleep, increased nervous excitability, tendency to depression, increased drowsiness during the day.
- rarely: forgetfulness, memory loss, confusion.
Side effects from other organs and systems:
- Sense organs: rarely - tinnitus, blurred vision, conjunctivitis, dry eyes, hearing loss.
- Cardiovascular system: rarely - tachycardia, hypertension.
- Hematopoietic organs: rarely - decreased levels of leukocytes, anemia, decreased platelets in the blood.
- Urinary system: rarely - swelling, frequent urination, impaired renal function, nephritis syndrome; extremely rare: presence of blood in the urine.
Allergic reactions:
- often: skin rash in the form of urticaria, skin itching.
- less common: allergic rhinitis, asthma.
- extremely rare: general swelling.
Patients may also experience other side effects, for example, increased sweating, shortness of breath, thirst, photophobia, and in women, bleeding from the vagina.
If any of the symptoms appear, you should notify your doctor.
The course of treatment with the drug is prescribed by the attending physician. Ketoprofen injections are treated for 2 - maximum 3 days. If the drug does not help within the specified period, then switch to other means.
Drug interactions
Drug interactions with other drugs manifest themselves in different ways. Below we will discuss which medications it is not recommended to combine Ketoprofen with.
This substance is dangerous to combine with other non-steroidal drugs, since the risk of opening ulcers and bleeding is increased. As the dose of NSAIDs increases, the risk of side effects increases.
Bleeding may occur with blood thinners - anticoagulants. If, however, the need to combine medications is required, the patient should be under the supervision of a specialist.
In combination with lithium in the plasma, its level increases, which can reach toxic values. In this case, the kidneys will be the first to suffer.
With the substance mototrexate, Ketoprofen can cause NSAID hemotoxicity. Therefore, a time interval of 12 hours should pass between doses of drugs.
Injections should be combined with caution with the following drugs:
- Diuretics. Their combination can lead to kidney failure. Therefore, if there is a need to take a diuretic, you will need to provide the body with plenty of water.
- ACE inhibitors (to prevent heart disease) - may impair kidney function.
- Pentoxifyline (to improve blood circulation) - may cause bleeding.
It is necessary to take into account the interaction of Ketoprofen with the following drugs:
- antihypertensive (against high blood pressure) - the effect of these drugs is reduced by this combination;
- thrombolytics and antiplatelet agents (against thrombosis) - can provoke bleeding;
- SSRI antidepressants - the risk of bleeding increases and plasma clearance decreases, i.e. the rate of purification of biological fluids of the body.
You should definitely take note of the combination of Ketoprofen with the following medications:
- Cyclosporine, Tacrolimus - possible toxic effect that affects the kidneys;
- drugs containing potassium and potassium-sparing drugs can lead to hyperkalemia.
When using Ketoprofen, you should be careful with any activity that requires a quick reaction and increased attention. This is especially true for vehicle drivers.
Similar medicines
It may happen that Ketoprofen is not available in the pharmacy and you will be offered medication. There are many medications containing ketoprofen (ketonal). They are just as effective. These include:
- Ketonal;
- Artrosilene;
- Ketoprofen Organics;
- Flexen, etc.
As a result of using the drug, pain goes away, the inflammatory process stops and blood flow improves.
Ketoprofen is a medicine that has an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effect. The drug is used for the treatment and prevention of rheumatism. The medicine relieves joint pain at rest and during movement, relieves morning stiffness and inflammation of the joints, and provokes range of motion. Ketoprofen reduces the ability of platelets to unite, which reduces thrombus formation. The drug suppresses the state of the protein involved in the process of combining biologically active substances produced in the body and reduces the plastic metabolism of prostaglandins.
Composition and release form
| Injection | Ketoprofen is produced in the form of an injection solution in glass ampoules of 2 ml, 100 mg. 1 ml of solution contains 50 mg of ketoprofen. |
| Additional substances: dihydric alcohol, ethyl alcohol, simple aromatic alcohol, caustic alkali, purified water. | |
| Package: There are six ampoules in one contour cell. | |
| Pills | Active ingredient: Ketoprofen is produced in the form of light blue, round, biconvex tablets, coated with a protective coating. 1 tablet contains 100 mg or 150 mg of ketoprofen. |
| Additional substances: Magnesium salt of stearic acid, colloidal silicon dioxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polysaccharide, hydrous magnesium silicate, refined milk sugar, hypromellose, polyethylene oxide, indigo carmine, titanium dioxide, palm leaf wax. | |
| Package: One dark glass bottle contains 20 tablets. | |
| Aerosol | Active ingredient: Ketoprofen is released in the form of a 15% aerosol in the form of a white homogeneous foam; after the gas is released, a clear, light yellow liquid remains. Preparation for external use. 1 gram of aerosol contains 150 mg of ketoprofen lysine salt. |
| Additional substances: polyoxyethylene, dihydric alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer, lavender flavor, phenyl carbinol, purified water, propane-butane. | |
| Package: 25 ml aluminum bottle with spray nozzle. | |
| Candles | Active ingredient: Ketoprofen is produced in the form of rectal suppositories. 1 suppository contains 100 mg of ketoprofen. |
| Additional substances: solid fat, intestinal alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. | |
| Package: There are 12 pieces in 1 contour cell. |
Pharmacodynamics
Ketoprofen is an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic drug. The action of the drug is based on reducing the activity of two proteins COX-1 and COX-2, and proteins that accelerate the oxidation process of double unsaturated linoleic acid and triple unsaturated linoleic acid. The drug reduces the synthesis of enzymes, vitamins and hormones with a peptide that dilates blood vessels, normalizing the membrane among active proteins and cellular fluid. Ketoprofen does not have a negative effect on joints.In the case of an inflammatory process, ketoprofen inhibits the reaction of a group of lipid physiologically active substances with polyenoic acid derivatives, reducing the activity of the cyclooxygenase enzyme, and partly the oxidoreductase enzyme, in addition, it inhibits the process of combining a peptide that dilates blood vessels and normalizes the lysosome membrane. Ketoprofen relieves pain and facilitates the process of inflammation and structural changes in the musculoskeletal system.
Ketoprofen in the form of a solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection is recommended for inflammatory processes, as a result of which the drug inhibits the reaction of combining a group of lipid physiologically active substances and polyenoic acid derivatives, reducing the activity of the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of free polyunsaturated fatty acids, and incompletely the enzyme of the oxidoreductase class, in addition , the drug inhibits the reaction of a peptide compound that dilates blood vessels and makes the membranes of cellular organelles stable. Ketoprofen has the ability to relieve pain and eliminate the possibility of inflammatory and abnormal diseases of the musculoskeletal system.
Ketoprofen in tablet form relieves inflammation, pain, and fever. This is due to a decrease in the activity of the enzyme, which activates the chemical activity of free polyunsaturated acids, which determine the combination of a group of physiologically active substances and a peptide that dilates blood vessels and strengthens the walls of lysosomes. Does not make changes to the structure of the joints.
Ketoprofen in the form of an aerosol relieves inflammation, pain, and eliminates increased vascular permeability. When used externally, ketoprofen reduces joint inflammation and pain, as well as similar ailments in the muscles, ligaments, and tendons. The effect is ensured both at rest and during movement, and also reduces morning stiffness and swelling of the joints.
Ketoprofen in the form of suppositories relieves pain, inflammation and fever. In the case of an inflammatory process, it inhibits the reaction of a group of lipid physiologically active substances with derivatives of polyenoic acids, reducing the activity of the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of free polyunsaturated fatty acids and, partly, enzymes of the oxidoreductase class .
The drug inhibits the reaction of the peptide compound that dilates blood vessels and normalizes the walls of lysosomes. Ketoprofen has a general and specific effect on the source of pain and relieves inflammation and prevents structural changes in the musculoskeletal system. In female patients, the drug reduces the manifestation of signs of pain in the menstrual cycle due to inhibition of the reaction of a compound of a group of lipid physiologically active substances.
Pharmacokinetics
Ketoprofen is characterized by accelerated absorption of gases in the volume of liquid, the amount of medication that reaches the bloodstream unchanged reaches 90%. The association with enzymes is almost complete. The lowest concentration appears one hour after taking the drug.Ketoprofen in the form of an injection solution reaches a sufficient level in the blood five minutes after intravenous administration and four minutes after the end of administration it is 30 mcg/ml. The dose of the drug reaching the systemic circulation is 90%. Ketoprofen binds almost completely to albumin.
The degree of its uptake by tissues from plasma is 0.2 l/kg. The drug penetrates into the joint fluid. Three hours after the administration of 100 mg of the drug, its content in the blood is 3 μg/ml, in the joint fluid 1.5 μg/ml. After nine hours, the content of ketoprofen in the blood reaches 0.3 μg/ml, and in the joint fluid, respectively, 0.8 μl/ml. This shows the slow penetration of the drug into the joint fluid and its leisurely exit, while in the blood plasma there is a significantly more rapid decrease in the concentration of ketoprofen.
The final amount of the drug in the blood is observed one day after the injection. As for elderly patients, a sufficient concentration of ketoprofen in the blood plasma is observed already 9 hours after injection and is equal to 6 mcg/ml. A quarter of an hour after a single intramuscular injection of ketoprofen in an amount of 100 mg, the drug is in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The largest amount of drug in the blood is observed after two hours and is equal to 1 mcg/ml. The drug is actively processed in the liver due to the reaction of changing the structure of the original substance. Excretion from body tissues in the form of an artificially synthesized hybrid molecule with a monobasic organic acid is observed. The time to halve the concentration of the drug in the blood is two hours. 80% of ketoprofen is excreted in the urine, usually in the form of a glucuronide, approximately 10% of the drug is excreted through the intestines.
As for patients suffering from kidney disease, the elimination of the drug is much slower, and the time required to reduce the concentration of ketoprofen in the blood by half is one hour longer. In patients suffering from liver disease, accumulation of the drug in the tissues of the body is observed. When observing elderly patients, slow metabolism and drug excretion were observed; it should be noted that this observation concerns patients suffering from kidney disease.
When taking ketoprofen in tablet form, the largest amount of the drug in the blood is observed one hour after administration. When taking 100 mg of ketoprofen, the drug content in the blood plasma is 10 mcg/ml and is detected within about an hour and a half. The absorption of the drug in tablet form reaches 90% and directly depends on the dose used. Ketoprofen in tablet form quickly penetrates the gastrointestinal tract. The degree of interaction with enzymes is almost complete. The degree of absorption of ketoprofen into body tissues from blood plasma is 0.2 l/kg.
The drug is found in the joint fluid. The concentration of the drug in the blood at which the therapeutic effect is achieved continues for eight hours from the moment of taking ketoprofen. The established amount of the drug in the blood is recorded within 24 hours after taking ketoprofen in tablet form. Chemical transformations of the drug are not directly related to the age of the patients. The accumulation of the drug in the tissues of the body does not occur. The drug in large quantities does not overcome the physiological barrier between the circulatory and central nervous systems. Ketoprofen is completely processed in the liver due to the main reaction of the final phase of drug processing. The drug is biotransformed and excreted by the liver. Excretion of the drug by the kidneys by binding to glucuronic acid. Ketoprofen is derived in the form of an artificially synthesized hybrid molecule with a monobasic organic acid.
As for patients suffering from kidney disease, the elimination of the drug is slow, and the time required to reduce the concentration of the drug in the blood plasma by half is increased by one hour. Ketoprofen in this category of patients can accumulate in body tissues. As for older patients, the metabolism and elimination of the drug is quite slow, and along with this it should be noted that this is important in the case of kidney disease. Excretion through the intestines is equal to one percent of the volume of the drug. The time to halve the concentration of the drug in the blood reaches two hours. Ketoprofen does not accumulate in the body.
When treating with ketoprofen in the form of an aerosol, when the drug was applied to a damaged area of the skin or mucous membrane, slow penetration of the drug into the body tissues was observed. When using a dose of the drug 50 mg, after eight hours the amount of ketoprofen in the blood was 0.08 mcg/ml. If the dose of the drug was increased to 150 mg, after five hours the amount of drug in the blood plasma was 0.15 mcg/ml. The ability of the drug to be absorbed is five percent. Ketoprofen does not accumulate in body tissues.
Ketoprofen in the form of suppositories has a volume of distribution of the drug equal to 0.2 l/kg. The drug is almost completely combined with blood enzymes. Ketoprofen actively enters the joint fluid. The drug is well processed in the liver thanks to certain proteins and doubles with a monobasic organic acid. The time required to halve the amount of ketoprofen in the blood is two hours. The drug is mainly processed in the liver. Almost 80% of the dose taken is excreted in the urine, mainly in the form of a monobasic organic acid. About a tenth of the dose taken is excreted in the feces. In rare cases, in patients suffering from kidney disease, ketoprofen is transformed and eliminated slowly, the half-life of the drug increases by one hour. In elderly patients, metabolic processes and biotransformation and elimination of the drug proceed more slowly; this is not so important for patients with normal kidney function.
Precautionary measures
Ketoprofen in the form of an injection solution should be taken with caution by patients who suffer from anemia, bronchial asthma, alcohol and tobacco addiction, alcoholic liver disease, increased amount of bilirubin in the blood serum, liver disease, dehydration, blood diseases, heart disease, swelling, persistent increase blood pressure, inflammation of the oral mucosa, diseases of the brain, those suffering from disorders of fat metabolism in the body, diseases of the endocrine system, vascular diseases, kidney diseases, having gastrointestinal ulcers, gastritis, those undergoing long-term therapy with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, with severe psychosomatic diseases, simultaneously taking prednisolone, warfarin, clopidrogel, fluoxetine, citalopram, sertraline, paroxetine, elderly patients and pregnant women.Ketoprofen in the form of tablets should be taken with caution by patients suffering from anemia, bronchial asthma, heart disease, vascular disease, having ulcers, suffering from disorders of fat metabolism in the body, liver disease, with an increased amount of bilirubin in the blood serum, alcoholic liver disease, kidney disease, increased blood pressure, swelling, blood diseases, diseases of the oral mucosa, dehydration, infectious blood disease, endocrine system diseases, gastrointestinal ulcers, gastritis, tobacco addiction, alcohol addiction, taking warfarin, aspirin, prednisolone, fluoxetine, taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for a long time , with severe psychosomatic illnesses, elderly people, women during pregnancy and lactation.
Ketoprofen in the form of an aerosol should be used with caution, avoiding contact of the drug with the mucous membrane of the eyes, other mucous membranes, and should not be applied to open wounds or damaged areas of the skin.
Ketoprofen in the form of suppositories is not recommended for inflammation of the rectal mucosa and bleeding of the anus.
Indications for use
Ketoprofen in the form of a solution for intravenous and intramuscular injectionsused for pain resulting from injuries, after operations, for pain associated with the menstrual cycle, in the case of cancer. The medicine is used for inflammatory diseases of the joints, psoriatic arthritis, joint disease associated with the deposition of uric acid salts, acute inflammatory disease of the joints associated with the deposition of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in the joint tissues, dystrophic disease in the joints due to damage to the articular cartilage, inflammation and degeneration of the tendon tissue, purulent inflammation of the periarticular bursa, damage to the shoulder joint and hand.
Ketoprofen in tablet form is recommended for use in cases of inflammation and irreversible deformation of the musculoskeletal system, connective tissue disease manifested by joint damage, chronic progressive joint disease that occurs against the background of psoriasis, chronic inflammatory disease of the joints and spine, non-infectious arthritis, degenerative-dystrophic joint disease. Ketoprofen is recommended for the treatment of manifestations of diseases without a targeted effect on the cause of the disease, relief of pain, inflammation. The drug has no effect on the progression of the disease. Ketoprofen is recommended for severe muscle pain, damage to bone tissue, damage to peripheral nerves, inflammation and degeneration of tendon tissue, joint pain, inflammation of the mucous membranes of the joints, diseases of the peripheral nervous system, inflammation of the uterine appendages, inflammation of the ear, migraine, toothache, cancer, after injuries and operations, pain during the menstrual period.
Ketoprofen in the form of an aerosol is recommended for use in diseases of the musculoskeletal system: connective tissue disease with damage to small joints, chronic joint disease occurring against the background of psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, degenerative-dystrophic disease of the joints and spine, extra-articular rheumatism, as well as myalgia, with injuries, bruises, dislocations, ligament ruptures, sprains, damage to the meniscus of the knee, accompanied by damage to soft tissues.
Ketoprofen in the form of suppositories is recommended for use in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankyposis spondylitis, reactive arthritis, chronic degenerative joint disease, joint diseases, migraines, muscle diseases, damage to peripheral nerves, damage to the spinal cord roots, conditions after injuries and operations, pain of various origins , cancer, pain during the menstrual cycle.
How to be treated with ketoprofen?
Ketoprofen in the form of a solution for intramuscular injection is used in the volume of 1 ampoule of the drug 100 mg once or twice a day. The maximum dose should be 300 mg of the drug, depending on the severity of the patient. Additionally, it is allowed to prescribe ketoprofen in other forms.Ketoprofen in the form of a solution for intravenous injection is used in a volume of 100 mg or 200 mg in 100 ml or in 150 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. This procedure is carried out only in a hospital for one hour. The duration of treatment is no more than two days. The maximum dose per day should be 300 mg of the drug.
Ketoprofen can be combined with narcotic analgesics. The drug can be mixed with morphine in one syringe in the ratio of 10 mg of morphine and 100 mg of ketoprofen diluted in 500 ml of sodium chloride infusion solution.
Ketoprofen in tablet form is taken orally whole during or after meals, with at least 100 ml of milk or water. The drug is taken one tablet twice a day. Simultaneous use of ketoprofen in the form of tablets and suppositories is possible. The maximum dose of the drug per day should be 200 mg. It is necessary to take the minimum effective dose of the drug in the shortest possible course. The choice of dose is individual depending on the patient’s condition and his body’s response to the course of drug therapy. In order to prevent the undesirable effect of ketoprofen on the gastrointestinal mucosa, the simultaneous use of drugs that neutralize hydrochloric acid is recommended.
If you miss the next dose of ketoprofen, you must calculate the time of taking the next dose of the drug. You should be careful when using ketoprofen. Increased vigilance should be observed when driving vehicles and doing work that requires increased concentration. During coronary bypass surgery, it is not recommended to take ketoprofen as an anesthetic drug.
Ketoprofen in the form of an aerosol is used externally. One dose is 1g or 2g. It is recommended to apply the medicine two or three times a day, rubbing with caution until completely absorbed. Duration of therapy is ten days.
Ketoprofen in the form of suppositories is prescribed to adults, 1 suppository once or twice a day. Suppositories can be used simultaneously with other forms of ketoprofen. The daily dose for adults is recommended 160 mg of the drug, for children weighing from 15 kg to 30 kg 30 mg of the drug, with a body weight over 30 kg - 60 mg of ketoprofen two or three times a day. The highest dose per day, taking into account combined use, should be 0.2 g of the drug.
Side effects
During clinical observations, the following undesirable effects were identified when using ketoprofen:
|
|
Ketoprofen and alcohol
While taking the drug, drinking alcohol is strictly contraindicated.Contraindications
Ketoprofen is contraindicated for:- hypersensitivity to the components of the drug or to the excipients included in the drug, to other categories of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,
- gastrointestinal ulcers during exacerbation,
- chronic dyspepsia,
- liver and kidney dysfunctions,
- asthma attacks,
- period of pregnancy and breastfeeding,
- children up to 14 years old,
- asthma on drugs of the aspirin group,
- gastric and duodenal ulcers in the acute stage,
- acute ulcerative colitis,
- Crohn's disease,
- peptic ulcer,
- poorly clotting blood
- liver and kidney failure,
- haemorrhoids,
- weeping dermatoses,
- infected abrasions,
- skin with violations of the integrity of the integument,
- decreased hemoglobin content in the blood,
- addiction to tobacco and alcohol,
- liver inflammation,
- metabolic disease,
- high blood pressure,
- blood diseases,
- inflammation of the oral mucosa,
- old age
It is necessary to take into account the masking of signs of infectious diseases by ketoprofen. Patients taking ketoprofen simultaneously with anticoagulants should be under medical supervision.
During pregnancy
Ketoprofen is not recommended to be taken during pregnancy, especially in the last trimester, due to scientifically proven adverse effects of drugs that suppress prostaglandin compounds on the cardiac system of the embryo. In the case of taking ketoprofen in the form of tablets or suppositories, disturbances in the development of the fetus with breathing disorders are possible, and if the drug is used before birth, it can lead to a delay. At the beginning of pregnancy, therapy with ketoprofen is possible if the expected effect exceeds the risk of a possible effect on uterine contractions. Expectant mothers should not take ketoprofen because it reduces the likelihood of egg implantation. During lactation you should also refrain from using ketoprofen.special instructions
It is recommended to take Ketoprofen tablets with milk to reduce the likelihood of gastrointestinal disorders. During therapy with ketoprofen, blood tests should be performed and liver and kidney function monitored, especially for elderly patients. If deviations are detected, the dose of the drug should be reduced. In the case of corcosteroid analysis, ketoprofen is not recommended to be taken two days before the examination. Ketoprofen is not recommended to be taken with other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Ketoprofen can mask an infectious disease. Caution is required while taking ketoprofen when driving.It is necessary to be careful when prescribing the drug to patients suffering from gastrointestinal diseases, with bleeding disorders, hemophilia, with an increased platelet count in the blood, with liver and kidney failure, and when prescribed simultaneously with low molecular weight heparin. For patients suffering from hypertension and heart disease, the combined use of ketoprofen may cause fluid retention in the body. And you should constantly monitor your blood pressure readings.
If ketoprofen is taken for a long time in elderly patients, you need to monitor blood tests and liver and kidney function. Ketoprofen reduces platelet adhesion and increases the rate of blood loss. In 15% of patients, liver test values increase. Manifestations of drowsiness and loss of coordination are possible. This is why you should drive during such periods.
Interaction
Ketoprofen is not compatible with tramadol. Enhances the activity of anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, ethanol. The drug provokes side effects of estrogens. Reduces the effect of diuretics. The simultaneous use of ketoprofen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can provoke the formation of ulcers and the development of gastrointestinal tract, kidney disease. Simultaneous use of ketoprofen with heparin and cefamandole provokes bleeding.The drug should be used with caution when taking insulin. Synchronous administration with sodium valproate provokes a decrease in the rate of platelet connection. Ketoprofen increases the blood levels of lithium and verapamil. Aluminum does not affect the rate of absorption of ketoprofen. Ketoprofen reduces the effect of diuretics and increases the effect of anti-fainting drugs. Ketoprofen reduces the effect of mifepristone, which is why you should maintain an interval between doses of these drugs of at least one week.
Overdose
An overdose of ketoprofen may result in loss of consciousness, lightheadedness, vomiting, abdominal pain, convulsions, coma, gastrointestinal bleeding, and impaired renal function. Maintenance therapy should be carried out, breathing and heart function should be adjusted. There is no necessary antidote. Hemodialysis is not effective. It is recommended to rinse the stomach and take activated charcoal, H-2 receptor antagonists.Price
The price of ketoprofen in the form of injections for intravenous and intramuscular use 50 mg/ml, 10 ampoules ranges from 224 rubles to 242 rubles.The cost of ketoprofen in the form of film-coated tablets, 100 mg, 20 pieces is from 185 rubles to 246 rubles.
Ketoprofen in aerosol 15%, l costs from 128 rubles to 310 rubles.
Ketoprofen in the form of suppositories for rectal use 100 mg 12 pcs costs from 200 rubles to 300 rubles.
Analogs
ARTROSILEN capsules, 1 capsule contains 0.32 g of ketoprofen, the package contains 10 pieces.ARTRUM suppositories, 1 suppository contains 0.1 g of ketoprofen, 1 blister contains 10 pcs.
BYSTRUMGEL gel 2.5%, the content of ketoprofen in 1 g of gel is 0.025 g, the weight of 1 tube is 50 g.
BYSTRUMCAPS capsules, ketoprofen content in 1 capsule is 0.2 g, 10 pieces are located in one package.
KETONAL ®
) ampoules containing 2 ml of solution for infusion, 1 ml of solution contains 0.1 g of ketoprofen, 1 plastic cell contains 5 ampoules..
KETONAL ® DUO capsules, the content of ketoprofen in 1 capsule is 0.15 g, one blister contains 10 capsules.
KETONAL ® UNO capsules, 1 capsule contains 0.2 g of ketoprofen, 1 blister contains 10 capsules.
KETOPROFEN tablets, ketorofen content in 1 tablet is 0.1 g, 1 bottle contains 20 tablets.
KETOPROFEN-VERTE gel, for external use, 1 g of gel contains 0.25 g of ketoprofen, weight of 1 tube is 30 g.
KETOPROFEN VRAMED gel for external use, 2.5%, in 1 g of gel the content of ketoprofen is 2500 mg, the weight of 1 tube is 100 g.
KETOPROFEN MV (KETOPROFEN SR) tablets containing ketoprofen in 1 piece 0.15 g, 1 bottle contains 20 tablets.
KETOPROFEN-ESCOM (KETOPROFEN ® -ESCOM) injection solution, 1 ampoule contains 2 ml of solution, with active ketoprofen in the amount of 0.1 g, 5 ampoules are located in 1 contour cell.
OKI (OKI) suppositories, 1 suppository contains 60 mg of ketoprofen, 5 suppositories are located in one strip.
FASTUM ® (FASTUM ®) 2.5% gel, external use, 1 g of gel contains 0.025 g of ketoprofen, aluminum tube 50 g.
FEBROFID 2.5% gel, external use, 1 g of gel contains 0.025 g of ketoprofen, aluminum tube 30 g.
FLAMAX (FLAMAX) solution for intravenous and intramuscular injections, 1 ampoule of 2 ml contains 0.1 g of ketoprofen, 5 ampoules are located in 1 blister pack.
FLAMAX FORTE tablets, 1 tablet contains 0.1 g of ketorofen, 1 bottle contains 20 tablets.
FLEXEN powder for the preparation of a solution for intramuscular administration, 1 ampoule of 108 mg of powder contains 0.1 g of ketoprofen, 1 cell contains 6 ampoules.
Release form
Solution for intramuscular administration.
Ketoprofen 50 mg.
Excipients: propylene glycol - 400 mg, ethanol - 100 mg, benzyl alcohol - 20 mg, sodium hydroxide solution 1M - up to pH 6.5-7.5, water for injection - up to 1 ml.
Package
pharmachologic effect
Ketoprofen is an NSAID that has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects associated with the suppression of the activity of COX1 and COX2, which regulate the synthesis of Pg. The anti-inflammatory effect occurs by the end of 1 week of use. The lysine salt of ketoprofen has equally pronounced anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. Does not have a catabolic effect on articular cartilage.
Indications
Inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the musculoskeletal system: rheumatoid, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis (ankylosing spondylitis), gouty arthritis (in case of an acute attack of gout, fast-acting dosage forms are preferred), osteoarthritis. Pain syndrome: myalgia, ossalgia, neuralgia, tendonitis, arthralgia, bursitis, radiculitis, adnexitis, otitis media, headache and toothache, in cancer, post-traumatic and postoperative pain syndrome accompanied by inflammation. Algodysmenorrhea, childbirth (as an analgesic and tocolytic agent).
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity (including to other NSAIDs), aspirin-induced asthma, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (exacerbation), ulcerative colitis (exacerbation), Crohn's disease, diverticulitis, peptic ulcer, hemophilia and other coagulation disorders blood, chronic renal failure, children (up to 6 years), pregnancy (III trimester). With caution. Anemia, bronchial asthma, alcoholism, tobacco smoking, alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver, hyperbilirubinemia, liver failure, diabetes mellitus, dehydration, sepsis, CHF, edema, arterial hypertension, blood diseases (including leukopenia), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, stomatitis, old age, pregnancy (I, II trimester), lactation period.
Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding
The use of the drug in the third trimester of pregnancy is contraindicated.
The use of ketoprofen in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy is possible only when the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the risk to the fetus.
If it is necessary to use ketoprofen during lactation, the issue of stopping breastfeeding should be decided.
Directions for use and doses
Prescribe 100 mg intramuscularly 1-2 times a day. The maximum daily dose is 200 mg.
The drug should not be administered for more than 2-3 days; if necessary, further use other dosage forms of ketoprofen.
Side effects
From the digestive system: NSAID gastropathy, abdominal pain, dyspepsia (nausea, vomiting, heartburn, flatulence, loss of appetite, diarrhea), stomatitis, liver dysfunction, ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa, gingival, gastrointestinal, hemorrhoidal bleeding; change in taste.
From the nervous system: headache, dizziness, insomnia, agitation, nervousness, drowsiness, depression, asthenia, confusion or loss of consciousness, forgetfulness, migraine, peripheral neuropathy.
From the senses: noise or ringing in the ears, blurred vision, conjunctivitis, dry mucous membrane of the eye, pain in the eyes, conjunctival hyperemia, hearing loss, vertigo.
From the cardiovascular system: increased blood pressure, tachycardia.
From the hematopoietic organs: agranulocytosis, anemia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia.
From the urinary system: edema syndrome, cystitis, urethritis, renal dysfunction, interstitial nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, hematuria.
Allergic reactions: skin rash (including erythematous, urticaria), skin itching, rhinitis, angioedema, bronchospasm, exfoliative dermatitis, anaphylactic shock.
Other: increased sweating, hemoptysis, nosebleeds, myalgia, muscle twitching, shortness of breath, thirst, photosensitivity, with long-term use in large doses - vaginal bleeding.
special instructions
During treatment, monitoring of the peripheral blood picture and the functional state of the liver and kidneys is necessary.
If it is necessary to determine 17-ketosteroids, the drug should be discontinued 48 hours before the study.
Taking ketoprofen can mask the signs of an infectious disease.
If renal or liver function is impaired, dose reduction and careful monitoring are necessary.
To reduce the risk of developing adverse events from the gastrointestinal tract, the minimum effective dose should be used for the shortest possible short course.
Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery
During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.
Drug interactions
Pharmaceutically incompatible with tramadol solution.
Reduces the effectiveness of uricosuric drugs.
Enhances the effect of anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, fibrinolytics, ethanol, side effects of corticosteroids and mineralocorticosteroids, estrogens.
Reduces the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs and diuretics.
Combined use with other NSAIDs, corticosteroids, ethanol, corticotropin can lead to the formation of ulcers and the development of gastrointestinal bleeding, increasing the risk of developing renal dysfunction.
Co-administration with oral anticoagulants, heparin, thrombolytics, antiplatelet agents, cefoperazone, cefamandole and cefotetan increases the risk of bleeding.
Increases the hypoglycemic effect of insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs (dose recalculation is necessary).
Increases plasma concentrations of verapamil and nifedipine, lithium preparations, methotrexate.
Myelotoxic drugs increase the manifestations of hematotoxicity of the drug.
Ketoprofen belongs to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is a derivative of propinoic acid.
The anti-inflammatory effect of Ketoprofen is on a par with Indomethacin and Naproxen and exceeds the anti-inflammatory effect of Ibuprofen and Aspirin. The analgesic effect of Ketoprofen is similar to the effect of Indomethacin and Naproxen.
Pharmacological effects
Ketoprofen helps to provide analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects.
The anti-inflammatory effect can be achieved after 7 days of oral administration of the drug.
If the drug is used to treat joint syndrome, Ketoprofen will help eliminate pain both at rest and during movement, and will eliminate symptoms such as morning stiffness and joint swelling. With the use of the drug, an increase in mobility is observed.
Ketoprofen gel promotes local anesthetic action. When used topically, the concentration of the active component is maintained for a long period of time at the site of inflammation.
Release form, composition
The drug Ketoprofen is available in the form of forte tablets, retard tablets, capsules, gel, suppositories, injection solution, cream.
The capsules contain 50 mg of the active ingredient.
Forte tablets contain 100 mg of the active ingredient.
Retard tablets contain 150 mg of active substance. This form of the drug has a prolonged effect, which allows you to take tablets only once a day.
The gel (1 gram) contains 25 mg of active substance.
The solution for injection contains 50 mg of the component (in 1 ml of the drug).
The cream (1 gram) contains 50 mg of active substance.
The suppositories contain 100 mg of active substance.
The selection of one or another form of the drug Ketoprofen is carried out by the doctor, depending on the indications for use of the drug and accompanying symptoms.
Indications for use
Indications for the use of the drug Ketoprofen for systemic use (orally, intravenously, rectally, intramuscularly) are the following conditions:
Complex therapy of inflammatory and degenerative diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, nonspecific spondyloarthritis, gouty arthritis, pseudogout, osteoarthritis, bursitis, tenosynovitis).
Elimination of intense pain of various origins, including postoperative and post-traumatic pain, sciatica, myalgia, therapy for radiculitis, bruises and muscle strains, renal colic.
The drug is used in dentistry and gynecology (including for primary dysmenorrhea).
Intravenous Ketoprofen is used to eliminate pain in diseases of the musculoskeletal system.
Ketoprofen for external use is used:
In the complex treatment of acute and chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system, including rheumatoid arthritis, arthrosis, osteochondrosis.
For painful traumatic or inflammatory lesions of joints, ligaments, tendons: arthritis, muscle bruises, bursitis, sprains and ruptures of ligaments, dislocations.
For the treatment of phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, inflammatory diseases of the skin.
Contraindications
Contraindications to systemic use are the following conditions: the presence of gastric or duodenal ulcers, “aspirin” asthma, ulcerative colitis in the acute stage, Crohn’s disease, peptic ulcers, bleeding disorders. The drug is not used for renal and liver failure, as well as in children under 18 years of age and in the third trimester of pregnancy.
Ketoprofen gel and cream are not used for weeping dermatoses, eczema, infected abrasions, violations of the integrity of the skin, in children under 6 years of age.
Adverse reactions
Ketoprofen may contribute to the development of such side effects.
Central nervous system: possible development of headache, nervousness, dizziness, insomnia, strange dreams, drowsiness, malaise, ringing in the ears, visual disturbances, general malaise.
Cardiovascular system: increased blood pressure, increased heart rate, development of peripheral vascular diseases, anemia, thrombocytopenia.
Gastrointestinal tract: some patients may complain of nausea, constipation, flatulence, pain in the abdominal area. In rare cases, stomatitis, vomiting, increased appetite, dry mouth, rectal bleeding, increased salivation, and hidden bleeding were observed.
Respiratory system: development of nosebleeds, bronchospasm, pharyngitis, rhinitis, laryngeal edema.
Skin: development of allergic reactions in the form of a rash, itching and burning sensation, redness of the skin, alopecia, oncholysis, bullous rash, toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Other adverse reactions are associated with chills, facial swelling, and weight gain.
If Ketoprofen causes the described or any other side effects, use of the drug must be discontinued. A dosage reduction or medication change may be necessary at the discretion of the treating physician.
Overdose
In case of an overdose of the drug, dizziness, lethargy, vomiting, nausea, and abdominal pain may develop. Side effects are reversible. As treatment, it is necessary to rinse the stomach and carry out symptomatic and supportive therapy. Additionally, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
Mode of application
Ketoprofen is intended for internal, intramuscular, intravenous, rectal, cutaneous and local use. The dosage and method of administration are selected individually, taking into account the severity of the disease and accompanying symptoms.
If necessary, it is possible to combine several dosage forms of the drug at once. Only a doctor should prescribe the drug and select the dosage!
Infusions using the drug should be carried out only in hospital settings.
Ketoprofen in the form of tablets, capsules and granules should be taken during or after the main meal. This avoids the development of side effects from the gastrointestinal tract.
The use of the drug Ketoprofen is possible with extreme caution and only under medical supervision if the patient has an allergy to aspirin-type drugs, peptic ulcers, diabetes mellitus, anemia, alcoholism, renal and chronic heart failure, high blood pressure.
If the patient's history includes allergic reactions, the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including Ketoprofen, is possible only in extreme cases.
The use of Ketoprofen can help mask the symptoms of various infectious diseases.
When used externally, do not allow the medicine to come into contact with the eyes, damaged skin or mucous membranes.
When using the drug in patients whose activities require increased attention and concentration, it should be remembered that Ketoprofen may affect the reaction rate.
Cost, analogues
The cost of the drug Ketoprofen for the period January-February 2015 is formed as follows:
Ketoprofen external gel, 30 grams (Russia) – 45-50 rub.
External gel, 50 grams (Russia) – 60-70 rub.
Analogs of Ketoprofen are the following drugs: Ketonal, Bystrumgel, Artrum, Artrosilen, Fastum gel, Flamax, Flexen.
Instructions for use:
Ketoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for the symptomatic treatment of arthritis and acute pain.
pharmachologic effect
Ketoprofen has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic properties, and also inhibits platelet aggregation.
The therapeutic effect of Ketoprofen is due to its ability to inhibit the synthesis of the enzyme involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins and reduce the biosynthesis of prostaglandins themselves, which are responsible for the appearance of edema and pain at the site of inflammation. The use of Ketoprofen can relieve pain in the joints when at rest and in motion, reduce morning swelling and stiffness of the joints, and increase the range of motion.
The anti-inflammatory effect of Ketoprofen can be observed by the end of the first week of treatment. The maximum concentration of the drug in the blood is achieved 15-30 minutes after using Ketoprofen by injection, 1-4 hours after the administration of rectal suppositories and 1-2 hours after oral administration. Ketoprofen is excreted mainly by the kidneys and about 1% by the intestines.
Indications for use of Ketoprofen
- symptomatic treatment of chronic inflammation of the joints (arthritis): rheumatoid polyarthritis (destruction of bone, articular cartilage), psoriatic arthritis (inflammation of the joints due to psoriasis), ankylosing spondylitis (disease of the spine), gout (a disease of the joints in which uric acid salts are deposited in the tissues) , arthrosis with pain syndrome;
- symptomatic treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system that are inflammatory and degenerative in nature: tendinitis (inflammation of the tendon tissue), tenosynovitis (inflammation of the protective membrane around the tendon), lumbago (acute lower back pain), bursitis (inflammation of the mucous bursae in the joint area);
- symptomatic short-term treatment of acute pain syndrome: neuralgia, spinal pain, muscle pain;
- complex therapy of inflammatory diseases of the lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, veins: lymphangitis (inflammation of the lymphatic vessels), superficial lymphadenitis (inflammation of the lymph nodes), periphlebitis (inflammation of the perivenous tissue and veins), phlebitis (inflammation of the vein wall).
Ketoprofen gel is used for uncomplicated sports injuries, ruptures or sprains of tendons and ligaments, bruises of ligaments and muscles, post-traumatic swelling and pain.
Contraindications
According to the instructions, Ketoprofen is not prescribed for:
- severe liver or kidney dysfunction;
- peptic ulcer in the acute phase;
- inflammatory bowel diseases;
- blood clotting disorders;
- hypersensitivity to ketoprofen or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Ketoprofen is contraindicated for use in the third trimester of pregnancy, during breastfeeding, and for children under 14 years of age.
Ketoprofen suppositories are not prescribed for proctitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the sigmoid and rectum) and proctorragia (bleeding from the anus).
Ketoprofen ointment should not be used for eczema (skin rash), weeping dermatoses and infected wounds.
The instructions recommend using Ketoprofen with caution in case of bronchial asthma, anemia, liver failure, alcoholism, sepsis, edema, chronic heart failure, stomatitis, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and a history of ulcerative lesions of the digestive tract. The use of Ketoprofen in the first and second trimester of pregnancy is possible only under strict indications.
Instructions for use of Ketoprofen
For oral administration, Ketoprofen, the use of which allows the combination of several dosage forms, is available in the form of tablets, extended-release tablets, drops, capsules, and granules.
Ketoprofen drops and tablets should be taken with meals 3 times a day, 100 mg. Ketoprofen retard tablets (long-acting) are prescribed 150 mg every 12 hours. The drug in capsules is taken in the morning and afternoon, 50 mg, and in the evening - 100 mg. The instructions recommend taking Ketoprofen granules 2-3 times a day, 80 mg (1 sachet). A single dose for children and the elderly is 40 mg. Before use, the contents of the sachet are dissolved in ½ glass of water.
Ketoprofen suppositories are administered into the anus at a dose of 100-200 mg daily.
Intravenous and intramuscular use of Ketoprofen involves the administration of 160 mg of the drug 1-3 times a day.
For external use, use Ketoprofen cream and gel. It is recommended to apply Ketoprofen gel and ointment to children over 12 years of age and adults 2-3 times a day in small quantities (3-5 cm). After applying Ketoprofen gel and ointment should be rubbed for a long time and carefully into painful or inflamed areas of the body. For children 6-12 years old, Ketoprofen gel is prescribed to be used no more than 2 times a day, 1-2 cm.
It is not recommended to use Ketoprofen gel and ointment for longer than two weeks without consulting a doctor.
Side effects
Suppositories, Ketoprofen tablets, as well as other forms of the drug, intended for oral and parenteral use, can cause such undesirable reactions of the body as:
- abdominal pain, flatulence, heartburn, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, decreased appetite, impaired liver function, stomatitis;
- dizziness, nervousness, agitation, depression, drowsiness, headache, confusion;
- blurred vision, tinnitus, hearing loss, eye pain, conjunctivitis;
- increased blood pressure, tachycardia;
- leukopenia (decrease in the level of white blood cells), anemia (reduced level of red blood cells or hemoglobin), thrombocytopenia (decrease in the number of platelets), agranulocytosis (disappearance of granulocytes from the blood);
- edema syndrome (accumulation of excess fluid in the body), urethritis (inflammation of the urethra), cystitis (inflammation of the bladder), nephrotic syndrome (kidney disease, which is characterized by the excretion of large amounts of protein in the urine), impaired renal function;
- skin itching, skin rash, rhinitis, bronchospasm, angioedema;
- increased sweating, nosebleeds, hemoptysis, thirst, shortness of breath.
With prolonged use, Ketoprofen can provoke ulceration of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract, gastrointestinal, vaginal, hemorrhoidal, and gingival bleeding.
Ketoprofen gel and ointment can cause skin hyperemia (large red spots on the skin), purpura (skin coloring as a result of the release of red blood cells from the capillaries), skin rash, photosensitivity (sensitivity to ultraviolet rays), itching, burning, and other allergic reactions.
Additional Information
Ketoprofen tablets, like other forms of the drug, should be stored at room temperature. The shelf life of the solution for injection is 3 years, all other dosage forms are 5 years.
