Vitamin D3 instructions for use of the tablet. Vitamin D3 BON - instructions for use

Vitamin D, also called calciferol, is synthesized in the skin under the influence of solar radiation. The substance helps calcium to be absorbed in the body, thereby maintaining normal bone structure, improving the functioning of the heart muscle, nervous system, endocrine glands, and normalizing blood clotting. People who lead a sedentary lifestyle, rarely see the sun, or do office work, develop an acute deficiency of calciferol. To eliminate hypovitaminosis, it is necessary to adjust the diet; it is also recommended to take vitamin D drops.

Symptoms of hypovitaminosis

Calciferol deficiency leads to significant disruption of the body. Most often, hypovitaminosis is observed in people who avoid exposure to direct sunlight due to a tendency to melanoma, and who abuse creams with a UV filter. Vitamin deficiency is often diagnosed in residents of northern regions, where sunny days are rare.

The likelihood of calciferol deficiency increases in the following cases:

• during pregnancy;
• after reaching 50 years of age;
• during menopause;
• with strict diets, poor nutrition;
• for dark skin;
• if there is a problem with the kidneys or liver.

The symptoms of hypovitaminosis in adults and children differ. Children with a lack of vitamin D experience the following symptoms:

• loss of appetite;
• poor health, constant whims and hysterics;
• excessive sweating on the extremities;
• weakening of muscles and joints;
• spinal deformity, curvature of ribs and limbs;
• loose fontanelle;
• underdevelopment of teeth, frequent occurrence of caries.

In adults, calciferol deficiency is manifested by the following symptoms:

• stoop;
• frequent and sudden changes in weight;
• lethargy, drowsiness, constant feeling of fatigue;
• frequent fractures;
• poor dental condition, susceptibility to caries and periodontal disease.

It is clear that the above symptoms fit many diseases. Therefore, to confirm vitamin D deficiency, it is necessary to undergo a medical examination and donate blood for calciferol content analysis.

Who is Calciferol drops indicated for?

If there is a vitamin deficiency in the body, the first step is to transform the diet, enrich it with meat, eggs, seafood, and fresh herbs. If the lack of calciferol is very severe, then the doctor prescribes medications based on vitamin D.

Typically, vitamin D drops are prescribed for the following pathologies:

• lack of calcium and phosphorus in the body;
• muscle cramps;
• chronic diseases of the digestive tract;
• dermatitis, neurodermatitis.

Advantages of drops over other dosage forms

Pharmacies sell a huge number of drugs based on vitamin D. The main dosage forms are tablets and drops. Less commonly produced are medicinal solutions intended for injection into the muscle.

Vitamin D drops, unlike tablets, are absorbed almost instantly when they enter the body. Drugs in drop form are produced in the form of either an aqueous or oil solution. But an aqueous solution is absorbed better than an oil solution. The absorption of the drops is 60–80% of the total amount of the medicinal substance consumed.

The most used vitamin D preparation. Manufacturer: Polish pharmaceutical company Medana Pharma. The medicine is a clear liquid that smells like anise and is intended for oral administration. The drug is sold in dark glass bottles with a volume of 10 ml, equipped with a lid with a dispenser. 1 ml of medicinal liquid contains 15,000 IU of vitamin D 3.

The medication is intended for the following purposes:

• strengthening the immune system;
• normalization of the functioning of the parathyroid glands;
• activation of calcium transfer to bone tissue;
• improving the functioning of nerve fibers;
• muscle toning.

The instructions for use state that the drug should be used for the prevention and treatment of the following pathologies:

• rickets;
• osteoporosis;
• hypocalcemic tetany;
• osteomalacia;
• hypoparathyroidism;
• vitamin D deficiency.

Aquadetrim should not be taken under the following conditions:

• sarcoidosis;
• kidney dysfunction;
• urolithiasis;
• acute form of tuberculosis;
• hypercalcemia;
• hypercalciuria;
• excess vitamin D in the body;

It is contraindicated to give the medicine to infants under 4 weeks of age. Pregnant and breastfeeding women, bedridden patients, young children, as well as people being treated with cardiac glycosides and thiazide diuretics should take the drops with caution.

To give medicine to an infant, just drop one drop of the solution on his tongue. Another option: dissolve a drop in a small amount of breast milk or infant formula. To prevent rickets, healthy babies should be given 1 drop of medicine per day, premature, weak, infants born in the northern regions - 2-3 drops. Adults are recommended to take 2–4 drops. Pregnant women are advised to take no more than 1 drop per day. The course of treatment lasts 4 – 6 weeks. For the treatment of rickets in adults and children, the dosage is selected only by a medical specialist.

In case of an overdose of the drug, the following side effects occur:

• nausea, vomiting;
• drying of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity;
• loss of appetite;
• increased body temperature;
• constipation;
• sudden weight loss;
• polyuria;
• weakness;
• insomnia;
• mental disorders;
• the appearance of protein in the urine;
• increased calcium concentration in the blood, calcification of blood vessels.

If the above symptoms occur, you should stop taking the drug.

Oil-based drops, sold in bottles with a volume of 10 ml. 1 ml of medicinal liquid contains 0.5 mg of cholecalciferol, that is, 20,000 IU of vitamin D 3.

The drug is intended for the prevention and treatment of the following pathologies:

• rickets;
• osteoporosis;
• hypocalcemia;
• deterioration of mineral metabolism in older people.

It is prohibited to take the medication under the following conditions:

• sarcoidosis;
• hypercalcemia;
• hypercalciuria;
• urolithiasis;
• constant lying position associated with serious illness;
• sensitivity to the components of the drug.

To prevent rickets, healthy children under three years of age should be given 1 drop (400–500 IU) of the drug per day. The medicine is not intended for the prevention of rickets in full-term newborns up to 2 months of age.

It is recommended to give premature babies from the 10th day of life 2 drops (800 - 1000 IU) of the drug per day. If a newborn child is diagnosed with rickets, then from the 10th day of life the baby should take 2–8 drops (1000–5000 IU) of medication per day. Therapy is carried out in the first 2 months of life, in the 5th and 9th months, and then twice in the 2nd year of the child’s life.

The instructions for use also indicate dosages for the prevention and treatment of other diseases associated with calciferol deficiency in the body:

• prevention of hypovitaminosis – 1 – 2 drops per day;
• for malabsorption syndrome – 48 drops per day;
• for osteomalacia – 2 – 8 drops, therapy lasts a year;
• for osteoporosis – 2 – 4 drops per day;
• for hypoparathyroidism – 15 – 30 drops per day.

In case of an overdose of the drug, the following side effects may develop:

• nausea, vomiting;
• sudden weight loss;
• deposition of kidney stones;
• hypercalcemia;
• hypercalciuria;
• heart rhythm disturbance;
• mental disorders;
• loss of appetite, thirst;
• polyuria.

Devisol D 3

A children's drug produced by the Finnish pharmaceutical company Orion Pharma. Sold in the form of an oil solution, bottled in 10 ml bottles. The medicine is based on coconut oil, so the drops are tasteless and odorless; they can be discreetly added to food and drinks for children who do not want to drink vitamin preparations. The medication is completely safe for children; it contains no yeast, preservatives, soy protein, lactose, or dyes.

The drug is intended to prevent the occurrence of the following pathologies:

• rickets;
• metabolic deterioration;
• hypocalcemic tetany;
• vitamin D deficiency.

The medicine is contraindicated in the following conditions:

• mental disorders;
• urolithiasis;
• polyuria;
• sensitivity to the components of the drug.

The medicine can be used for both children and adults. Children from 6 months are advised to take 1 drop per day, adults – 2 – 4 drops, pregnant women – 1 drop, elderly people – 2 drops.

While taking vitamin D medications, you cannot adjust the dosage at your own discretion. The daily dose of the drug is prescribed only by a medical specialist. To maintain a normal amount of calciferol in the body, it is useful to take walks in the sun in the morning and afternoon.

Vitamin D preparations are used to prevent and treat conditions caused by its deficiency. They are available in the form of capsules or oral solution and may contain both active and inactive metabolites. The choice of medication is made taking into account the purposes of its use and the presence of concomitant diseases. Vitamin D is included in many comprehensive supplements for children and adults, as well as some osteoporosis treatments.

The importance of the vitamin for the body and the daily dose

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble substance. Its precursors enter the human body with food and are produced in the skin under the influence of ultraviolet radiation in the sun. To achieve biological effects, a gradual transformation of inactive forms into active ones is necessary. First, calcidiol is formed in the liver, and then in the kidneys - calcitriol (D-hormone), which can have a physiological effect.

In food, the vitamin is contained in the form of ergocalciferol (D2) and cholecalciferol (D3), large amounts of which are found in dairy products - butter, cheese, milk, sour cream, as well as egg yolk, beef liver and mushrooms. Various types of fish are rich in them - herring, catfish, salmon, sardines, tuna. Fish oil is useful for preventing D-deficiency. Only cholecalciferol is produced in the skin.

The main role of the vitamin is to maintain phosphorus-calcium balance. Calcitriol promotes the absorption of calcium in the intestine and prevents the leaching of the microelement from bone tissue. It also affects other processes occurring in the body:

• has an immunomodulatory effect;
• takes part in hair renewal;
• reduces excessive division of skin cells in proliferative diseases - psoriasis and others;
• prevents the occurrence of malignant neoplasms;
• slows down the progression of atherosclerosis and reduces blood pressure;
• protects against neurodegenerative diseases - Alzheimer's disease, dementia;
• contributes to the normal course of pregnancy and child development.

There is a certain daily requirement for the vitamin depending on the age of the person. It increases in women during pregnancy and in older people. Consumption standards for D2 and D3 for children and adults:

Indications for taking vitamin D

Consequences of vitamin D deficiency

The main indications for prescribing products containing vitamin D:

• prevention of hypovitaminosis;
• treatment of conditions associated with calcitriol deficiency - rickets, osteomalacia;
• prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Vitamin deficiency is typical for most modern people. Insufficient formation of the element is due to low intake of D2 and D3 from food, impaired absorption in the intestines, excess weight, and taking medications - glucocorticoids, antiepileptics, antifungals, antiretroviral drugs, cholestyramine. The use of sunscreen also reduces the production of cholecalciferol.

Vitamin deficiency is manifested by an imbalance of phosphorus and calcium. A sufficient level of microelements in the blood is maintained due to their leaching from bone tissue. This process occurs under the influence of parathyroid hormone, the concentration of which increases. Secondary hyperparathyroidism develops. Bones become less strong, adults show signs of osteomalacia, and children show symptoms of rickets. In older people, insufficient vitamin intake increases the risk of osteoporosis and associated pathological fractures.

Among medications, there are products containing both inactive forms - D2 and D3, and active metabolites - calcitriol and alfacalcidol. While taking any of them, you need a sufficient intake of calcium from food or as part of special supplements. Vitamin D is often a component of multivitamin and mineral complexes for children, adults and pregnant women.

Products containing inactive forms

Native drugs, ergocalciferol and cholecalciferol, are recommended for the prevention of hypovitaminosis. They are difficult to overdose and can accumulate in adipose tissue, where they serve as a reserve for the formation of calcitriol. To treat conditions associated with vitamin deficiency, the use of products containing D3 is indicated.

Medicines are released in the form of drops. Their dosage is calculated in international units (IU) and selected individually. It depends on the purpose of intake, daily requirement, and level of the vitamin in the blood. The average preventive dose for children is 1–2 drops per day, for adults - 1–4 drops daily or 15–30 drops once a week.

Replenishment of the substance deficiency is carried out under the control of laboratory parameters. Consultation and supervision of a physician is required. Initially, saturating dosages are used (up to 400,000 IU), and then switch to maintenance dosages. In people with obesity and impaired absorption processes in the intestines, up to 8000 IU per day can be used. The daily dose for pregnant women is 800–1000 IU.

List of native drugs:

Active metabolites

This group includes products containing alfacalcidol and calcitriol as active ingredients. They are prescribed only by a doctor; while taking them, it is necessary to monitor the level of calcium in the urine and blood. The average therapeutic dose of active metabolites is 0.5–1 mcg per day (with normal calcium and phosphorus levels). Alfacalcidol is taken in one dose, calcitriol - several times a day.

Indications for use:

• end-stage renal failure;
• pseudohypoparathyroidism;
• hypoparathyroidism;
• significant decrease in calcium in the blood;
• high risk of falling in the elderly;
• age over 65 years;
• treatment of osteoporosis when native remedies are ineffective;
• taking medications that interfere with the formation of D-hormone.

Activation of alfacalcidol occurs in the liver. Calcitriol already has physiological activity and can be used in patients with severe liver failure.

Medicines containing active forms:

Multivitamin complexes and vitamin-mineral supplements

For the prevention and treatment of hypovitaminosis in children and adults, as well as during pregnancy, complex remedies are used. Many of them contain ergocalciferol or cholecalciferol. Their quantity differs in different preparations. When additionally prescribing native or active forms, the total dosage of the vitamin should be taken into account.

Complex products containing vitamin D:

Vitamin D3 is vital for the human body, especially in early and old age. But is it worth taking D3-containing drugs if you can get the daily dose of the substance by getting enough sun exposure and eating a balanced diet?

What is vitamin D 3 and why does our body need it?

Vitamin D3 or cholecalciferol is a fat-soluble substance that the body receives from certain foods, as well as as a result of synthesis that occurs on the skin under the influence of ultraviolet rays. That is why it is also called “solar”.

Unfortunately, most Russians do not experience many sunny days a year and many feel a lack of vitamin D3. This is especially true for residents of northern megacities with unfavorable ecology. In this case, the deficiency of the substance often has to be replenished artificially by taking medications or dietary supplements.

Forms of release of vitamin D 3

Cholecalciferol is available in several forms:

This substance is also often included in many multivitamin complexes.

Why does a person need it?

Vitamin D3 performs a number of important functions in the body:

Why do women need vitamin D 3?

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of the “sunshine” vitamin for women, as it promotes:

The importance of vitamin D for children (newborns, infants and older babies)

Vitamin D3 is vital for children, as it provides:

But this does not mean at all that all children, without exception, need additional intake of artificial vitamin D. Dr. E. Komarovsky believes: children who are breastfed and mixed fed, who are outside for at least half an hour every day, are not at risk of rickets, since in Breast milk contains all the vitamins and microelements a baby needs, including vitamin D3. But a nursing mother needs to eat well, and it wouldn’t hurt to take a specialized multivitamin complex.

Video: pediatrician E. Komarovsky’s opinion on vitamin D for breastfed children

In artificially-bred children, the risk of rickets tends to zero, even if they spend little time outdoors, since modern adapted milk formulas contain all the vitamins necessary for a child of this age, including vitamin D. That is why preparations with vitamin D3 should be prescribed to young children Pediatricians only for special indications:

Video: Dr. E. Komarovsky’s opinion on vitamin D for artificially-trained children

Dark-skinned children are more susceptible to the risk of rickets than light-skinned ones - nature has decreed that the former produce vitamin D less well.

For children after one year, vitamin D3 is, as a rule, rarely prescribed - the child should receive all the necessary vitamins and microelements from food, provided that his diet is formulated correctly. For children, a half-hour walk is enough to provide their daily intake of “solar” substances. If necessary, pediatricians can recommend a multivitamin complex, which also includes vitamin D3. Such cases include:

Similar symptoms are typical for children who spend little time in the sun and are malnourished (not receiving enough dairy products - butter, cheese, cottage cheese, milk, etc.)

Signs of D 3 deficiency in the body

At different ages, the signs of D3 deficiency in the body are different. Most often they appear in children under one year of age and in adults after 50 years.

In infants

It is worth discussing with your pediatrician the issue of prescribing a D3-containing drug if your child experiences the following symptoms:

If D3 therapy is not started on time in a baby, it also often leads to late teething and the formation of a malocclusion. In adulthood, complications may arise in the form of arthritis, scoliosis, and flat feet.

In adults

Signs of vitamin D3 deficiency include:

Long-term vitamin D3 deficiency can lead to serious illnesses:

What are the risks of overdose?

If the doctor nevertheless prescribed a D3-containing drug, then you need to strictly follow its dosage, since the fat-soluble substance tends to accumulate in the body, and its excess can cause serious problems:

Excess calcium is very dangerous for the body - plaques can quickly form on the walls of blood vessels, in the heart and kidneys, which lead to blockage of the arteries.

Symptoms of D3 hypervitaminosis in adults appear:

The presence of any of these symptoms requires consultation with a doctor. To confirm the diagnosis, the doctor may order laboratory tests, which in the case of D3 hypervitaminosis may show:

Signs of acute D3 hypervitaminosis in children:

Acute manifestations of the disease can occur due to exceeding the dosage of a D3-containing drug, as well as due to its individual intolerance.

Chronic symptoms may be less pronounced:

Chronic disease is most often associated with long-term slight excess of vitamin D3 dosage.

If in the case of adults with D3 hypervitaminosis, the decision on the need for hospitalization is made by the doctor, then children definitely require treatment in a hospital, and then clinical observation for at least 2-3 years. Therapy will be aimed at eliminating intoxication and normalizing the functioning of vital organs. In the future, you will need to adjust the baby’s diet: the basis of the menu should be porridge with water and vegetables, dairy products are completely excluded at first, and then sharply limited. Of course, immediately stop taking all medications containing calcium and vitamin D3.

Who is the vitamin really indicated for?

Self-medication with drugs containing calcium and vitamin D3 is unacceptable - they are taken strictly as prescribed by a doctor after an appropriate examination.

Reasons for prescribing a “solar” substance for adults may include:

For children, the drug is prescribed for the treatment of rickets or its prevention in the following cases:

Neither children nor adults should be prescribed vitamin D3 in the summer if they are exposed to the sun every day in open clothing and eat dairy products at least once a week.

Daily requirement of vitamin D 3 for different categories of people

To provide yourself with the daily norm of cholecalciferol, you need to take a sufficient amount of food of animal origin every day. Fats are needed to absorb vitamin D3, which is why eating low-fat foods can be detrimental to your health. It is very important to spend enough time outside with exposed areas of the body, for children - at least half an hour, and for adults - at least an hour during daylight hours.

Table: daily requirement for vitamin D 3 for different age categories

In order for the synthetic D3-containing drug to be better absorbed by the body, it is good to combine its intake with the use of some fatty product, for example, butter or vegetable oils, 0.5/1 teaspoon, respectively.

Factors that increase the body's need for it

People exposed to at least one of these factors are at risk for cholecalciferol deficiency, and therefore require special examination and possible D3 therapy.

How to determine the level of cholecalciferol in the body

Laboratory tests will help determine the level of vitamin D3 in the body, in particular, a venous blood test, which separately evaluates the content of vitamins D2 and D3.

Preparation for such a study is simple: 2–3 hours before blood sampling, you should refrain from smoking and eating.

If the analysis indicators are within these values, then the vitamin D content in the body is normal. If there are deviations up or down from the reference values, then this is a reason to consult a doctor.

Table: values ​​of various readings of vitamin D3 in the blood

Only the attending doctor should comprehensively evaluate the research results and make a decision on the need for D3 therapy based on test data and the general objective condition of the patient.

For whom vitamin D 3 is contraindicated and will cause harm?

Contraindications to the use of cholcalciferol may include:

Side effects from taking cholicalciferol

When taking the drug in adults, unwanted side effects may occur:

All reactions of the body must be reported to the attending physician, who will decide to reduce the dosage or discontinue the drug.

Allergic reactions in infants:

Allergies in children after one year manifest themselves similarly. All these symptoms require immediate medical intervention and discontinuation of the drug.

Leading products in vitamin D content 3

Daily walks in the fresh air and proper nutrition will help prevent D3 hypovitaminosis, which is why you need to regularly include any foods from the list below in your diet:

Photo gallery: some foods with the highest vitamin content

100 g of chanterelles contain 8.8 mcg of vitamin D Contains 2.5 mcg of vitamin D per 100 g Contains 0.2 mcg of vitamin D per 100 g
Contains 0.5 mcg of vitamin D per 100 g Contains 1 mcg of vitamin D per 100 g 100 g of oil contains 1.5 mcg of vitamin D
Contains 2.2 mcg of vitamin D per 100 g. The daily norm of the product is 1–2 pcs. 100 g of fatty fish contains from 20 to 30 mcg. 100 g of the product contains 200 mcg. To replenish the daily requirement of vitamin D, it is enough to eat only 7 g of the product

When cooked, vitamin D3 retains its properties, but it is important not to overcook the food. The preferred cooking method is stewing or baking in the oven.

Learn more about foods rich in vitamin D in the Living Well video.

Video: Leading Doctors on Vitamin D Deficiency

The most common drugs and features of their use

For babies

Children under one year of age are prescribed oil or water drops with vitamin D3; they are odorless and tasteless and are conveniently dosed. An aqueous solution is more easily absorbed. Most often, pediatricians recommend:

One drop of oil or water solution provides the daily requirement of vitamin D3. For infants, the liquid drug is added to a teaspoon of breast milk or adapted milk formula. The medicine is taken once a day with meals. The duration of the course is determined by the doctor.

For children

For children after one year of age, an oil or water solution is suitable, diluted in a teaspoon of water. You can take vitamin D regardless of food, but in the first half of the day. The regimen is similar to that described above.

Most often prescribed:

After four years, when the swallowing reflex is well formed, the child can already be given multivitamin complexes with vitamin D3 in the form of chewable tablets or fish oil in gelatin capsules. The highest quality children's fish oil:

A course of fish oil intake is carried out in the autumn-spring period for a month. The dosage may vary, so you must strictly adhere to the instructions. Take medications with meals.

The most popular multivitamins containing D3 for children and teenagers are:

After appropriate analysis, children under three years of age with calcium deficiency may be prescribed Calcium D3 powder for babies. To prepare the suspension, fill the ampoule with powder by 2/3 of its volume with boiled water at room temperature and shake well until a homogeneous liquid is obtained. The course of treatment will be 1 month. The medicine is taken once a day after breakfast. It should not be taken simultaneously with iron-containing drugs and antibiotics of a number of tetracyclines.

For adults

For adults, vitamin D3 is prescribed in a variety of dosage forms, from tablets and capsules for oral administration to an injection solution. The safest are multivitamin complexes containing vitamin D3; they can be taken for preventive purposes in courses 1–2 times a year. Medications are prescribed exclusively by a doctor, who selects the form, treatment regimen and dosage. If your doctor has prescribed a D3-containing drug, it is important to know that the daily dose of pure vitamin D for an adult should not exceed 10 mcg (400 IU) for women and 7.5 mcg (300 IU) for men.

The most commonly prescribed liquid forms are:

Injections are given into the gluteal or thigh muscles. During the course of injections, it is important to keep calcium levels under control and take appropriate blood tests once a week.

Vitamin D3 with Calcium Chewable Tablets:

The drug is taken in the first half of the day, 1-2 times a day during meals, chewing or swallowing and drinking water. The dosage and duration of the course are prescribed by the doctor, and you must strictly adhere to them.

Popular D3-containing multivitamins:

Such dietary supplements are taken once a day - 1 tablet in the morning after breakfast, for 1 or 2 months.

D-containing drugs for the treatment of psoriasis are available in the form of ointments and creams:

Ointment or cream is applied twice a day to the affected areas. It is not recommended to use the drug on the face. Such drugs are not indicated for children and pregnant women.

Fish oil for adults

It is good for women to take it to maintain youthful skin - it improves the condition of subcutaneous fat and makes the skin elastic.

Fish oil should not be taken if you have problems with the urinary tract and thyroid gland, as well as with individual intolerance.

The product produced in Norway is considered the best; among domestic preparations, good quality products are produced by the Murmansk and Arkhangelsk fish factories.

The best medications with fish oil:

Both drugs are of the highest quality and meet all international standards. Their only drawback is their high cost.

Vitamin complexes for pregnant women with vitamin D3

Pregnant and lactating women must take specialized multivitamin complexes with vitamin D, as well as eat well. But fish oil is prohibited during pregnancy due to the risk of A-hypervitaminosis and hypertension.

The best multivitamins for pregnant and lactating women, which are prescribed when planning motherhood and taken until the end of the lactation period:

Both drugs are not prescribed for urolithiasis and elevated levels of calcium in the urine and blood - due to the phosphorus and calcium contained in the composition.

Is fish oil an analogue of vitamin D3 and what is better to take?

Fish oil is often considered an analogue of vitamin D3. But these drugs have their fundamental differences. In addition to vitamin D, the latter contains Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which have a positive effect on blood vessels, as well as vitamin A and antioxidants. That is why the “old-fashioned method” is indispensable for people suffering from cardiovascular diseases. It prevents the formation of blood clots, lowers blood pressure, fights aging changes, and maintains skin elasticity. It is good to take it simultaneously with vitamin E - this way it is better absorbed by the body.

Vitamin D3 is often prescribed for problems with bone and joint tissue, for better absorption of calcium. Before prescribing a D3-containing drug, appropriate laboratory tests are carried out.

The attending physician decides which drug to prescribe in each specific case.

In the incredibly coordinated interaction of various systems of our body, vitamins play a key role. The lack of these vital substances leads to various metabolic disorders. In this article we will talk about the benefits of vitamin D3. Instructions for use will also be discussed in this material.

Natural routes of vitamin intake

Cholecalciferol (D3) is one of the fat-soluble compounds of group D and is one of the most active. There are two main ways this vitamin enters the human body: through food of animal origin and through the skin, when exposed to ultraviolet radiation. Penetrating into the body, it comes into contact with a transport protein, which delivers it to the liver. There, the vitamin helps the absorption of important microelements that perform their assigned functions in metabolism.

The amount of fat-soluble compound that will be synthesized with the help of sunlight depends on the time a person spends in the fresh air. For many people, their business lifestyle requires them to spend most of the daylight hours indoors. Because of this, a deficiency in this substance occurs. Under such circumstances, it becomes necessary to use vitamin D3 in the form of a medicinal supplement.

The need for cholecalciferol increases in winter. Even if you stay outside for a long time, due to lack of heat and light, the body does not receive the required dose of this compound. During this time, you need to consume as many foods as possible rich in vitamins D.

When using any useful substance, the norm must be observed. If you decide to use a synthetic form of cholecalciferol, and your doctor has prescribed vitamin D3, the instructions for use contain the necessary instructions regarding dosages. Under no circumstances should you exceed the prescribed limit.

In pharmaceuticals, industrial vitamins are obtained from plant and animal products. The dosage form of fish oil is also a source of this substance. Unlike its plant counterpart, a product of animal origin is absorbed by the human body much faster.

What causes cholecalciferol deficiency

• Age-related changes most often lead to a lack of this vitamin. The main signs are the development of osteoporosis and poor sleep. With age, the muscle and bone systems weaken, which is why older people need to replenish their supply of fat-soluble substances.
• The widespread belief that a vegetarian diet is the key to health often leads to vitamin deficiency, since vitamin D3 is found most in foods of animal origin.
• The next reasons are pathological diseases of the kidneys and liver. In people suffering from kidney failure, vitamin D3 is absorbed very slowly, and the body is constantly experiencing a lack of it.
• Systematic use of antacid drugs, which, in particular, are prescribed for the treatment of the digestive system, can cause a deficiency of vitamin D3. These drugs act as auxiliary methods of therapy, so if necessary, it is better to cancel them.
• Pregnancy and lactation. Since the child receives all the nutrients from the mother’s body, during this period it is especially important for a woman to monitor her health. It is necessary to replenish the missing supply of vitamins in a timely manner so that the unborn baby can receive them. The same can be said about the period of breastfeeding. Vitamin D3 is of great importance for a newborn, as it reduces the risk of rickets.

With a large deficiency of cholecalciferol in the human body, the following symptoms appear: chronic fatigue, insomnia, blurred vision, bone fragility (slow healing of fractures), heartburn, poor appetite, osteoporosis. If such signs appear, you should go to the hospital.

The benefits of vitamin D3 for the body

According to scientists, of the available fat-soluble substances, vitamin D3 is the most necessary. What is it for?

• Skeletal system. To a greater extent, cholecalciferol is involved in metabolic processes that promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus. It regulates the balance of these elements and accelerates the flow of essential minerals into bone tissue. Vitamin D3 is very useful in this regard for children, as it promotes proper skeletal development.
• Strengthening the immune system. Having a direct effect on the bone marrow, which is responsible for the creation of immune cells, vitamin D3 serves as an excellent general strengthening agent.
• Protection against cancer. Cholecalciferol promotes the growth and renewal of cellular tissues. It is also important that it inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells in the mammary glands and intestines.
• Regeneration of nerve fibers. Here, too, you can’t do without vitamin D3. Why does the nervous system need it? By regulating calcium levels, nerve fibers are restored. The order in the transmission of impulses is normalized. It is for this reason that the vitamin is prescribed for multiple sclerosis. Also, strong nerves serve as reliable protection against many diseases.
• Endocrine system. The fat-soluble compound takes an active part in the distribution of glucose. It has a positive effect on the functions of the pancreas, which are responsible for the production and regulation of insulin.
• Memory. Research has proven that concentration is directly related to the presence of vitamins D. The lack of these substances significantly affects students’ performance in passing exams and solving complex problems.
• Mood. Vitamin D3 is a hormone responsible for a person’s state of mind. The effect of this substance on brain functions responsible for mood has been identified. Depression, insomnia, excessive anxiety, mood swings and emotional disorders serve as a signal of slow production of estrogen and testosterone. An imbalance of such substances leads to premenstrual syndrome and painful periods. Such negative manifestations occur due to a lack of cholecalciferol.

Release form

The pharmaceutical market has a wide range of drugs containing the compound under discussion. Dosage forms of vitamin D3 are commercially available in aqueous, oily and alcoholic solutions, as well as in capsules and tablets.

The capsules are intended for adults, as they have a high dosage - 600 IU. They are produced by several manufacturers, and pharmacies always have such drugs in stock.

It is better to give children a solution of vitamin D3. Although this form is very convenient and the age dosage has already been calculated, the doctor must prescribe an individual treatment regimen. "Aquadetrim" is prescribed to infants, and a complex product containing calcium is prescribed to older children.

Vitamin D3 tablets are suitable for any age. It is convenient because one unit has a small dosage containing 200 IU of cholecalciferol. Two tablets of this form of the drug constitute the full norm for a child. One of the popular medications is Calcium D3 Nycomed. A similar product labeled “Forte” has a double dose of the vitamin.

An oil solution is used less frequently, since in case of an overdose this substance releases toxins. But its advantage is that thanks to the oil it has good absorption. In case of excessive use, compared to other forms of this substance, the side effects are less pronounced. "Vigantol" is the most common remedy that is often prescribed to patients.

Instructions

The official instructions for vitamin D3 indicate calculated doses taking into account a person’s age needs.

For expectant mothers, 1 drop per day is enough throughout the entire pregnancy. If the drug is prescribed shortly before childbirth, then 2 drops are prescribed.

During and after menopause, women are prescribed a daily dose of 2 drops.

If a diagnosis of rickets is made, then the vitamin norm is significantly increased. It can be up to 10 drops.

When vitamin D3 tablets are prescribed for prevention, the norm is determined by a specialist for children under 5 years of age. For children under 12 years of age, 1 tablet per day is recommended, and over this age - 2 tablets. in a day. The prescribed dose for adults is 3 tablets of 200 IU.

The best drug in capsule form is considered to be the biological supplement “Solgar”. The dose of medication in capsules for an adult is 1 piece per day. This remedy is not prescribed for children and pregnant women.

Contraindications: individual intolerance, hypercalcemia, renal failure, active form of pulmonary tuberculosis, atherosclerosis (with caution), calcium nephrolithiasis.

Side effects: mental disorders, polyuria, pain in the joints and muscles, increased amounts of calcium in the urine and blood, constipation, dry mouth and soft tissue calcification.

Interaction with other drugs:

• Cholesterol-lowering drugs interfere with normal absorption.
• Corticosteroid drugs immediately remove vitamin D3 from the body, preventing it from being absorbed, and also disrupt calcium metabolism.
• Heart medications slow down its activity.
• The simultaneous use of vitamin E improves metabolic processes.
• Anti-tuberculosis drugs activate vitamin D3, thereby disrupting the balance of phosphorus and calcium.
• Synthetic laxatives slow down the absorption of cholecalciferol.
• Anticonvulsants reduce absorption.

For women

From the group of vitamins D, substance D3 is isolated as one of the important substances for the functioning of the female body. The need for it is associated with a large consumption of energy reserves at many stages of the life of the fair sex. Menstruation, childbirth, child care, excessive workload and stress - all this leaves an imprint on women's health. For these reasons, they especially need an additional natural supplement. Undoubtedly, at different age periods the need for this substance may fluctuate. It is also due to changes in physical stress and circumstances. Vitamin D3 for women is an indispensable source of strength. It strengthens bones, prevents skin aging and regulates the menstrual cycle.

Benefits for children's bodies

For children, vitamin D3 is a valuable medicine for the prevention and treatment of rickets. Children living in the northern regions of the country are more susceptible to deficiency of fat-soluble substances. In a child who receives insufficient amounts of sunlight, due to which the necessary vitamin is synthesized, calcium is poorly absorbed and is quickly washed out of the skeletal system.

The presence of rickets is characterized by the following symptoms:

• The baby is slowly teething.
• The bone tissue becomes too soft, and the back of the head thickens.
• The facial part of the skull looks dented.
• The pelvic bones are deformed and the lower limbs are bent.
• The child sleeps worse, is irritable and sweats often.
• Significant changes occur in the structure of the chest.

Vitamin D3 for newborns in this case is prescribed in the form of an oil solution, most often it is the drug “Vigantol”. Experts recommend fish oil for school-age children.

Overdose

The consequence of an excess of fat-soluble substances is the following symptoms: high blood pressure, heart rate fluctuations, nephrocalcinosis, sudden weight loss, and the formation of kidney stones. In this case, there are signs of general malaise, such as nausea, weakness, irritability and, possibly, vomiting.

In case of an overdose of vitamin D3, the drug is immediately discontinued. You should also limit your exposure to the open air and the consumption of products containing this substance.

In such circumstances, it is necessary to undergo a therapeutic course of treatment. Infusion treatment is carried out using diuretics, as well as medications that contain magnesium and potassium. In severe conditions, doctors find it advisable to administer corticosteroids.

An overdose of vitamin D3 poses a considerable danger to human life. This threatens the accumulation of potassium salts in the intestines, which can result in a tragic outcome.

What products does it contain?

To maintain cholecalciferol levels in the body, you should regularly monitor your diet. It is important not only to eat foods rich in vitamin D3, but also to try to diversify your diet in every possible way. In winter, it is necessary to pay special attention to this and, if possible, include in the menu products containing large amounts of the compound under discussion. These include:

• milk;
• fish fat;
• raw chicken yolks;
• tuna;
• herring;
• mackerel.

Some of the products allow the body to fully absorb vitamin D3. It is almost not found in plant foods. A plant containing this substance is parsley.

Chanterelle mushrooms, duck meat and beef liver have low amounts of cholecalciferol.

UPD: The first version of the article was published in January 2018. And in the early summer of 2019, many publications came out with texts stating that the health benefits of vitamin D are greatly exaggerated (in particular, in the context of the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, type 2 diabetes and prevention of fractures), and for those with there are no symptoms of deficiency (among residents of central Russia there are unlikely to be such), taking it will be completely useless. In fact, everything is not so simple. If we are talking about vitamin D supplements, then it makes sense to discuss the optimal dosage and another important nuance.

“Of course, there are questions about the dosage of the vitamin in these studies,” says the doctor, Ph.D. and researcher Andrey Beloveshkin. - After all, we know how slowly its level in the blood can rise even when using high doses, but other explanations are possible. One of the most likely is the action of sunlight.” According to the scientist, Vitamin D paradox is that its level is associated with effectiveness in reducing the risk of diseases not only directly, but to a greater extent due to a sufficient dose of ultraviolet radiation. In a word, the pressing question is not whether to take this neurohormone, but how to take vitamin D. And the answer: it’s better with the sun - a little bit every day, but in no case a loading dose to the point of redness and blisters on vacation.

No one doubts anymore (and if so, then read) that “sunny” Vitamin D is vital not only for the normal construction of the skeleton, but also for the functioning of 2000 (!) genes of the body and the prevention of about 200 (!) diseases. Southerners (those living below the 37th parallel) can enjoy the sun (finding a balance with SPF protection, of course) and receive the vitamin in the most natural way - through the skin. We, northerners, have to delve into detailed articles in order to maintain the required level of vitamin D. So, let’s figure out how to properly take this important vitamin.

What test do you need to take?

To determine 25 (OH) D. When you take a vitamin D test for the first time, it would be a good idea to determine the level of ionized calcium in the blood. This will help eliminate contraindications to vitamin D administration.

How to interpret the result?

The Association of Endocrinologists adheres to the following principles:

• less than 20 ng/ml (50 nmol/l) - severe deficiency
• 21-29 ng/ml (51-74 nmol/l) - vitamin D deficiency
• 30-100 ng/ml (75-250 nmol/l) is the norm for vitamin D

The thing is that vitamins work on the principle of priority. Why do you need vitamin D: it is responsible for phosphorus-calcium metabolism. If vitamin D levels are low, all of it is spent on this task. And if you want our hero to also work on immunity, provide protection against cancer, etc. - the level should be higher.

After analyzing a large number of studies, I came to the conclusion that ideal range 70-90 ng/ml. Higher values ​​may increase cardiovascular risks. The range is the same for both sexes and all ages.

When and how to take vitamin D

• In the first half of the day, as it can have an activating effect on the nervous system, which may cause sleep problems. This is especially true for children.
• Vitamin D is fat soluble. Therefore, it will be best absorbed with fatty foods. That is, a keto breakfast and a dose of vitamin D is just what the doctor ordered.
• Recommended separate reception vitamins D and E - the absorption of both is reduced.
• Act synergistically vitamin D, vitamin K and calcium. However, it is not necessary to take them in one supplement. The main thing is that the level of these elements is sufficient. Then their system will work smoothly.

How much to take: prophylactic dose of vitamin D

The official preventive dose of vitamin D is 800 units. This amount is necessary to maintain normal phosphorus-calcium metabolism. But to reduce cancer and autoimmune risks, combat excess weight, reduce general inflammation (and prevent atherosclerosis and diabetes), the dose should be much higher. Most studies use a dose of 2000 units. There are also studies according to which a dose of 5000 units saves us from cancer and strengthens the immune system. In practice, everything is very individual - some need 2000 IU to maintain a normal level, some need 5000 IU, and for others 5000 IU will raise the level of vitamin D above the recommended level. Because I consider 2000 units to be a safe prophylactic dose. Taking higher doses is possible under the supervision of a doctor. It is definitely unsafe to take 10,000 units of vitamin D for a long time (more than six months).

Vitamin D deficiency: what to do

The therapeutic dose of vitamin D should be prescribed by a doctor, assessing test results: vitamin D and calcium levels. In no case no need to self-medicate, if you have gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, kidney stones, low-traumatic fractures, or osteoporosis diagnosed at a young age (under 50 years of age).

What is the best way to take vitamin D: once a week or daily?

It depends on you. If you are a responsible patient, do not suffer from memory disorders and are not afraid of pills, take them daily. If you are reading this article, you are such a person. For a long time I had contact with patients who were less responsible and got used to prescribing vitamins 1 or 2 times a week. Such a scheme will be no less effective. But you should remember: a single dose of vitamin D should not exceed 100,000 units (according to our national recommendations).

How likely is it to overdose on vitamin D?

As I wrote above, a one-time intake should be not higher than 100,000 units(except in rare cases where vitamin D receptors are defective).

Continuous intake of 10,000 units over a long period of time is unsafe.

Even a dose of 2000 U (and 4000-5000 even more so) can lead to an increase in vitamin D levels above the recommended values. This technique will not cause overdose symptoms, but may increase the risk of cardiovascular complications and the formation of calcifications in the kidneys.

The values ​​shown are valid adults only.

Can you be allergic to vitamin D?

You cannot be allergic to vitamin D itself. But it’s easy for the drug. After all, in addition to the vitamin itself, it contains many other components. If you or your child develops a rash, this is a reason not to stop taking the vitamin, but to change the supplement. As a rule, liquid fat-soluble forms are less allergenic.

Vitamin D: contraindications for use

If you have stomach ulcers or gastritis, kidney stones, osteoporosis, or non-traumatic fractures (minimal impact fractures) before the age of 50, you should only take vitamin D as prescribed by an endocrinologist (even in a prophylactic dose).

Vitamin D should be taken with caution if calcifications are detected. More on this below.

When to take vitamin D with calcium?

Vitamin D along with calcium is taken to treat osteoporosis and to eliminate some post-operative complications. But such appointments are the lot of doctors.

The average person should know: additional calcium intake is necessary if there is frankly little calcium in your diet. Look at what foods contain this mineral. Compare with your diet. Meeting daily calcium requirements - the key to healthy bones after menopause.

After the onset of menopause, the need for calcium is not easy to satisfy with the help of the diet - it is as much as 1500 units. You have to take extra calcium.

If you need a large dose of vitamin D, it is better to choose a drug without calcium in the composition. Combination drugs have a very small dose of vitamin D. By satisfying the need for vitamin D, you can get an overdose of calcium.

Can I take calcium without vitamin D?

Taking calcium and vitamin D together is not necessary. The main thing is that your vitamin D level is normal. Then calcium will be absorbed perfectly. But if your vitamin D level is low, you should never take calcium! Because low vitamin D levels often cause hyperparathyroidism, a hormonal disorder in which the body tries to increase calcium levels in the blood. If you give him extra calcium, welcome calcifications and cardiovascular complications. Without vitamin D, most calcium will be leave the body through the kidneys instead of being reabsorbed - hello, kidney stones.

Both calcifications in blood vessels and kidney stones can occur if the dosage of vitamin D is exceeded. Therefore, I repeat: I recommend checking your vitamin D level twice a year and adjusting the dose.

When taking therapeutic doses of the vitamin (to eliminate deficiency), additional calcium intake is not recommended! If you are taking a prophylactic dose of vitamin D and there is a lack of calcium in your diet, supplemental calcium intake is possible. Preference should, of course, be given to the chelated form, for example, Carlson Labs Chelated Calcium or

Should you take vitamin D along with vitamin K?

Taking vitamin D when the level of vitamin K in the body is low can be a cruel joke. The fact is that vitamin D activates the synthesis of the Gla matrix protein, which is involved in arterial calcification. And vitamin K converts this protein into another form, directing its activity in the right direction.

Therefore, make sure you have vitamin K in your diet! According to the Ministry of Health, vitamin K deficiency the phenomenon is not too frequent, and I would say, not well studied. Let's take care of ourselves in this matter, and not rely on statistics. The main sources are fermented plant foods (such as sauerkraut), liver, eggs and dairy products. Pay special attention to fermented foods - bacteria produce vitamin K with a bang. In general, if you are on, then you most likely get enough of this vitamin from food.

When taking large doses of vitamin D (more than 2000 IU), I recommend first assessing the level of vitamin K in the body. And if it is insufficient, take additional vitamin K. There are good complex preparations: