Vision under water: what and how can we see. Under water with open eyes? Easily! How to learn to swim quickly and correctly underwater, holding your breath as long as possible How people look underwater

Probably, it is difficult to find something more beautiful than to cut through the soft, supple expanses and admire the stunning underwater world, which under normal conditions is inaccessible to the human eye. But for this you need to learn how to swim and do it underwater with fantastic confidence and grace. Some people may have trouble sinking to the bottom. Newbies just float to the surface. There are those who cannot open their eyes there. And others will not be able to hold their breath for more than ten seconds at all. How can all these difficulties be overcome?

Theory and practice

Before diving, it is necessary to study the theory of diving and learn how to do it correctly. Usually begin classes only with an experienced partner. They do it alternately. One person goes down, and the second at this time insures him. After that, the partners change. Diving without an oxygen supply is prohibited. First you need to take a deep breath, and then gently dive. Those beginners who neglect this rule may choke. The brain can simply give a reflex command for an involuntary breath.

Diving for a long time is very dangerous. It is best to make a plan before diving, which will include weather conditions. Any swimmer should know what to do if danger arises. Unnecessarily heavy ballast should not be used. This can delay the equalization of pressure differences. Before diving in, it is better to remove the tube from your mouth.

If there is pain in the ears, then further immersion is stopped in order to avoid rupture eardrums. It is forbidden to quickly release all the air. This may interfere with alignment. Do not look down while diving. The ascent is always made gradually. Between dives take breaks of at least twelve hours. For beginners, training in shallow water is necessary.

How to learn to dive in depth?

To learn how to dive, you need to go into the pool about chest deep. Any sinking object can be placed at the bottom. The main thing is that this thing under water should be noticeable and easy to get. Now you need to try to get it from the bottom. There is nothing difficult in this. It is better to do this exercise for training more than once.

After that, it is worth trying to dive for the thing upside down. To do this, lie on the surface, make strokes with your hands to the bottom and forward. The head falls below the level of the legs. At first, when learning, there may be little difficulties. This is explained by the fact that the liquid is trying to push the body back.

It will take some effort to get to the bottom. Every experienced diver knows that it is most practical to swim with a breaststroke. In addition to the fact that it is easier to do strokes with your hands, the body will also swim in the right direction on its own. When the object from the bottom is in your hands, you need to make a stroke in the direction of the surface. So you can get out quickly. Now you can complicate the task - you should again put the object on the bottom and move a certain distance. You need to dive into the water and try to get to it.

How to learn to hold your breath for a long time?

The first workouts should be done on dry land. You need to take a deep breath and try not to breathe for a long time. When there is a feeling that the air is running out, you need to start slowly releasing it through your mouth.

If everything is done correctly, then a whistling sound should appear during this. After training on land, you can try to do the same in the water.

You don't have to dive at first, just put your face under the surface. We must not forget that the exhalation is done gradually. This feature will increase the time spent under water. In this case, breathing does not go astray. We must try to keep the air not in the mouth, but in the lungs. Otherwise, you will not be able to dive for more than a few moments.

How to learn to swim fast underwater?

To learn how to swim underwater, you need to read one simple instruction:

1. The first thing you need to know is that any body movements should be minimal. It is a mistake to believe that if you flounder quickly and a lot, then you will be able to swim faster. So only you can either rise or go to the bottom.
2. When swimming underwater, it is better to make smooth movements. Hands should cut through the water. The legs should move relatively slowly.
3. In swimming, body condition plays a big role. For this reason, it is better to relax it.
4. For initial classes, it is best to visit the pool. Any swimmer feels safe there.
5. Before you start learning to swim underwater, you need to master the skill of diving. Nothing will work without this.

Scuba Diving Secrets

Usually the idea to learn scuba diving visits people near the water during their holidays. Some guy with a balloon behind his back introduces himself as an instructor and offers to master everything in a short time. Self-study at home in any case ends in open water, so the beginner will definitely return to it.

Usually the full course of such training is from 20 to 25 hours. Of course, with self-study, this time increases several times. After training, many questions may arise (what type of equipment is better to buy and where, with whom and when to go diving, how to continue your training). One of the main assistants, and most often the only adviser is the instructor. For this reason, home workouts may not be effective.

But at least you can learn how to snorkel. For this, it is not necessary to take ammunition and scuba gear.

How to swim with a mask and snorkel underwater?

Everyone has seen on TV how fearless scuba divers like Jacques-Yves Cousteau dive into the water column, but not everyone knows what difficulties can arise when diving.

The first difficulty is how to put on a mask?

The mask must be pulled over the head so that it fits snugly enough to the face, otherwise the air will penetrate. But you should not pull the elastic band very much, as the elastic band should only support the mask. The main thing due to which the mask is kept on the face is a vacuum. You just need to press down on the mask and release excess air, then it will stick to your face and will not go anywhere.

The second difficulty is how to hold the phone?

The tube must be held with your teeth. To begin, attach the middle of the tube to the mask so you have another anchor point in addition to the jaw. Bite down on the tube and blow out the air.

There should be no water in the tube, otherwise when you inhale it will get into your mouth and lungs. To prevent this from happening, always keep your tongue at the border with the tube so that the passing air first enters the tongue and then rounds it enters the lungs. Thus, you will always feel droplets or trickles of water with your tongue and do not swallow water.

Hold your head in such a way that the top of the tube is always exposed to air. If suddenly you get water in your snorkel, spit out the snorkel, come up, pour the water out of it and continue your swimming.

The third difficulty is how to make the mask not sweat?

The mask fogs up due to the temperature difference between your body and the water. Since the water temperature is lower, condensation accumulates inside, right in front of your eyes. Some advise rinsing the glass inside with salt water or even spitting it out. None of these methods will work, as this is a myth. If you are annoyed by the fogging of the glass, then do not buy a mask where the nose is inside, as steam still comes out of it when breathing. Buy only with a separate nose and use special anti-fog products. They are usually enough for 1-3 dives.

The fourth difficulty is what to do if water has accumulated in the mask?

We are all living people and our face moves, it happens that due to facial movements, a little water is drawn inside. To get rid of it, you need to roll over on your back, turn the glass of the mask horizontally to the ground and blow air into the mask with your nose. Thus, the air will create pressure and squeeze out excess water. It will only work for those who have their nose inside.

The fifth difficulty is how to make sure that the ears do not pawn?

When diving to a depth of even 2-3 meters, the ears begin to lay. You need to release air from your ears, which creates excessive pressure. Pinch your nose with your hand and create air pressure in your nose and ears so that extra bubbles leave you and dive further without pain.

How to swim underwater with open eyes?

In order to swim and see what is happening around, there are several ways. Firstly, you can look here with your eyes slightly open. It is necessary to open your eyes, and not wide open them. Don't be afraid. It is completely harmless to human health. But you should immediately warn that a chlorinated pool or a salty sea will adversely affect the mucous membrane and irritate it. After such swimming, itching in the eyes and slight redness can be noted. And finally, the picture itself is not very clear here, so it is better to arm yourself with a mask or special glasses. They are selected purely individually in specialized stores.

Scuba Diving Development Games

There are a number of games for the development of scuba diving. In order to quickly learn to swim under water, it is very good to use games, they help to turn off attention to the game itself and at this time the body begins to automatically learn to swim at the level of reflexes. One of them is called "Who will hide faster." At the signal of the instructor, you need to quickly sit down and dive into the water. Several people are involved in the game. Another game is called "frog". The players are in a circle. At the word "Pike!" "Frogs" must jump up, and on command "Duck!" - sit down. If someone made a mistake, then he stands in the center and continues the game there. There is a "find the treasure" game, according to which players learn to find an object and dive for it.

What mistakes should not be made?

Safety precautions should not be neglected. All equipment, own and partner, must be checked. Blowing out curls that climb into the eyes, for example, looks pretty cute and erotic. However, it is unlikely to be able to do this underwater. It is necessary to immediately remove the hair from under the mask will help to avoid flooding and discomfort in connection with this.

You should not be in a vertical position when diving. The diver's head is a kind of steering wheel. Being in an upright position, a person usually swims only up. Another common mistake is a too thin suit. It must be remembered that one has to dive into a cold wet liquid, even if this action is performed in tropical latitudes.

In conclusion, it must be said that in the process of the first training, a person will most likely be shy and may feel insecure. It is not right. Most importantly, you need to get rid of complexes and stiffness, and follow your goal!

Maybe once upon a time we were inhabitants of aquatic environments, we came out of the water. There is no point in arguing. The main thing is that now a person exists on land, there is not liquid around, but air, and our vision is adapted to work in air conditions, and not in liquid ones. But interest in water, with all its peculiarities and unusual features, remains. After all, we are constantly confronted with this substance, it plays an invaluable role in our life.

This article will help those interested in understanding underwater vision. It is clear to everyone since childhood that it is somehow not like that. But why? Some know the answer for sure, others do not even think about it, others intuitively guess, but cannot describe it in words.

Here you will find answers to questions that interest you, understand why water distorts the image of objects, why we see some strange picture in a liquid.

You will also learn how fish see and whether all fish see the same way, what is the main difference between the structure of the organs of vision of fish and humans.

In addition, the author's lengthy discussions on how our eyes would have evolved if we dived to live under the water surface await you.

Why do we see everything differently under water than in the air?

Let's start by answering this fundamental question. It would seem that water is a transparent substance, like air. And it should not interfere with getting a good picture. In fact, as most of us know, it interferes, makes the image unusual, fuzzy, not what we would like. Why? Let's try to figure it out quickly and simply.

Let us first recall what refraction is. This is when the waves of light, falling from one medium to another (in our case, from air to water) change their direction. It is because of refraction that the picture under water differs significantly from the picture on land.

The fact is that the refractive index of water (the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum to the speed of light in a given medium) is 1.34, vitreous body, the cornea (elements of the human organs of vision), the indicator is the same - 1.34, and for the lens, the biological lens in our eye, - 1.43.

As you can see, there is either no difference between the indicators, or it is minimal. If they were completely identical, then, probably, we would not be able to see anything under water at all.

But there are still minimal differences. It is they who affect the fact that the image is not focused on the retina, as happens in people with good eyesight in conditions familiar to humans, but behind the retina, as in far-sighted people.

On the retina itself, the picture is muddy, fuzzy. Water is like a diverging biconvex lens.

It is interesting that persons with myopia, this is when the image is formed not on the retina, but in front of it, they see in the aquatic environment somewhat better than persons with good vision. In this case, it turns out that moisture with its refractive powers, as it were, corrects myopia, allowing the image to focus not in front, but on the retina itself.

And what about the fish?

Here are fish, they spend their whole lives under water. Moisture for them is a familiar environment where they hunt, breed, spend their free time, if they have it. We can say with confidence that they see what they need in the liquid. Surely nature took care of it. But why? What's in their eyes?

We answer. The fact is that in fish, the lens has a very convex shape, resembling a ball. Its refractive index is the largest when compared with the lenses of humans and all known animals.

It turns out that the difference between the refractive indices of moisture and the lens increases (the lens has more), as a result of which the image in fish focuses on the retina, they get a fairly clear, high-quality picture.

It should be emphasized that different fish have different visual abilities. For example, diurnal predators are the most vigilant. This is asp, pike, trout. They are able to detect food mainly through their eyes. Fish that eat plankton and benthic organisms see quite well.

But, for example, such freshwater inhabitants as burbot, pike perch, catfish, bream most often go hunting at night. Nature endowed them with a special structure of the organs of vision, which allows them to search for their victims at dusk.

In the eyes of night hunters there is a so-called tapetum. This is a special layer of guanine crystals, whose task is to concentrate the light that has passed through the retina and send it back to the retina.

It turns out that the same beam of light is used twice.

Tapetum is not only about fish hunting in the dark. This element of the organ of vision is present in terrestrial nocturnal predators.

And that is not all. Fish can see objects in the water at long distances. This happens due to a special muscle (falciform process), which is able to delay the lens.

But in general, fish are short-sighted. Most often, they are able to see the picture well at a distance of 1 - 1.5 meters.

The sharpest vision of underwater predators. If the water is clear and calm, they see objects at a distance of 10 - 12 meters.

We are sure you will be interested to know that some fish are able to illuminate the space around them themselves. It's all about the light energy that they produce. Thanks to this, we can observe an amazing phenomenon - luminous creatures swim in the darkness of the underwater depths.

It should be noted that fish, like animals, are very, very different. Each species has its own living conditions, its own food, its own interests and habitat. Accordingly, fish also have some differences in the structure of the organs of vision, which allows them to live in such conditions.

In general, the role of vision as a source of information in aquatic life is very significant. This is not only the search for and capture of food, but also orientation in space, and the preservation of the flock, and reproduction ...

Factors affecting the quality of human vision underwater

With refraction, everything is clear. This main reason, which makes it difficult for us to see underwater. But she's not the only one. Even if we assume that the refractive index of moisture is different, we still would not get the same picture as in air.

Why? Let's think together.

First. Water is not the natural habitat of the human eye.

Remember, for example, how you dive in a river and open your eyes. You don't feel very comfortable, do you?

Of course, you can get used to everything. But the fact that lovers with open eyes to swim under water most often emerge with reddened eyes is a fact. Human eyes lack some kind of protective mechanism that would save the mirrors of the soul from discomfort.

Second. Water composition.

Even ideal life-giving moisture would not be suitable as a comfortable environment for our organs of vision. But nothing is perfect!

We are faced, for example, with river water. First of all, it is not very transparent. And that's putting it mildly. Secondly, it is full of impurities that can additionally irritate the mucous membrane of the eyes. The result is an even fuzzier, blurry picture.

Or here is the life-giving moisture of the sea. Some argue that it is somewhat more comfortable for human eyes than fresh water, because it contains a certain amount of salts, and their concentration is similar to the concentration of salts in our bodies. This is partly true.

The fact is that in different reservoirs the concentration is different. Here, for example, most of the salts in the Red and Dead Seas. And least of all about the inland seas, such as the Baltic and Black.

It turns out that the closer the level of salt concentration in water to the same indicator in humans, the more comfortable we will feel when opening our eyes under water. The Black and Baltic Seas win here. You can safely swim and dive in them without fear of irritation of the mucous membranes.

Things are quite different in more saline water bodies. There, a person runs the risk of getting quite a serious irritation of the mucous membranes. Even the skin, if it is too delicate, can suffer from the effects of salts.

In any case, open-eyed swimming in marine conditions should be treated with caution. It is recommended to get used to it gradually.

By the way, there are also safe-looking reservoirs, swimming in which with open, unprotected eyes is not desirable. These are therapeutic mineral pools with a high content of hydrogen sulfide. This component irritates the mucous membranes, as evidenced by a fairly strong pain.

But we went very far, to rivers and other bodies of water. Meanwhile, you can immerse yourself in life-giving moisture and open your eyes in it right at home, in the bathroom. This is what most children do during their proper bathing, which we do not doubt.

Here, completely different impurities can negatively affect the organs of vision, and the main one is chlorine. It is this substance, which is, in fact, a poison, which negatively affects the mucous membrane, causing quite serious redness and irritation. It is clear that in this state, the eyes are unlikely to be able to get a good picture while under water.

How can you improve your vision underwater?

So, we have already discussed why the image is fuzzy under water, and also what can make it even worse. Now we need to focus on the following: how can we improve the quality of the resulting image? How, immersed, to see the maximum of everything?

The answer to this question is quite simple. Need some kind of transparent partition between the eyes and the liquid. And such a partition becomes underwater glasses and underwater masks. In them, people actively swim, navigate in space, see far enough and with high quality. Now it remains only to find out why this happens.

Remember, we wrote about the fact that water does not have the same refractive index as air. And so the picture when diving is bad. Everything changes when a layer of air appears between the water and the eye, i.e. familiar environment. Underwater masks and goggles provide just that, which allows you to make the underwater world clear and attractive for a person.

Of course, additional devices will not solve the problem of turbidity of life-giving moisture, which can significantly limit the view. It is clear that snorkeling in the river and in the sea are two different things. But still…

Miracles of refraction

In an article about vision under water, we cannot fail to mention the miracles of refraction, about how objects that are in water change.

It turns out that most children at a certain period of their lives are puzzled by the question (approximately): why do the sizes of the same ball on land and in a container of water differ? Similar questions are about why a body immersed in a typed bath becomes large. Or why a pencil that is not completely immersed in a glass of water seems broken.

All this is the miracles of refraction, which are not miracles at all, but the result of physical laws. Here, for example, the increase in objects.

Yes, indeed, it is. If we take, for example, a children's cube and, having previously measured it with a ruler, lower it into a glass vase with thin walls, we will observe the following. When measured, the side of the cube will become larger by about 33% (plus the walls of the vessel will play their small magnifying role).

It is clear that the point is not that the cube was saturated with moisture and swollen. It's all about the refraction of light. Because of him, our legs look strange when we lie in the bathroom. Because of it, objects under water seem closer than they actually are, by about 25%.

In general, moisture, as we already wrote, is a kind of lens, so the image is obtained approximately as after a biconvex lens.

What if…

Many are interested in how the organs of vision of a person would change, how they would evolve if he was forced to live in the water depths. Let's try to think about the answer to this question together.

Firstly, the way of life that a person would lead is important.

If he swam closer to the surface, it's one thing, but at a depth where there is much less light - another. Therefore, probably, a tapetum would appear in the structure of the organ of vision, i.e. a layer of crystals that collect light.

Secondly, the human eye is now quite sensitive in water, the liquid can cause irritation and redness.

Therefore, if you change the habitat to aquatic, you need to acquire special protective films that would limit the effect of moisture on the elements of the organs of vision.

Thirdly, the question of the refraction of light.

Let the liquid - not the environment where, in principle, you can see as well as on land. But some fish see at 10 - 12 meters. And all, including, thanks to the lens of a convex shape. It would not hurt a person the same, so that the picture is focused not behind the retina, but on it, and was clear and of high quality.

Fourth, coverage of the territory.

It also wouldn't hurt to increase it. Yes, a person's head is actively moving, but will this be enough in the underwater world? Is not a fact. Therefore, it is quite likely that the organs of vision will increase somewhat and leave the orbits somewhat, will rotate more actively and will be able to capture more information. It is also possible that the location of the eyes will change - they will move apart somewhat.

So far, life-giving moisture for a person is only a temporary environment in which he feels relatively comfortable. Long and long years of evolution are needed for us, our organs of vision, to be able to live in the water as comfortably as on land.

Many people while bathing at home in the bathroom, in the pool or plunging into various water bodies have repeatedly tried to open their eyes under water. If this happens in clean fresh water, then there will be no harm to the organs of vision. Immersion in the sea can cause burning in the eyes, as it contains salt. If the content of the substance is low, then there is no danger to health. But, for example, in the Dead Sea, the eyes are categorically not advised to open. This can result in damage to the cornea. It is not safe to dive in polluted waters in which the mucous membrane is exposed to pathogens.

How does this or that water affect the eyes

Bathing in tap water

Such water for the purpose of disinfection is subjected to chlorination, which can become lung cause irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes, and in those who are sensitive to chlorine, the residual products of this procedure can cause reactive conjunctivitis. If the water is not well enough disinfected or due to severe deterioration of the plumbing system, harmful bacteria can enter the organs of vision and cause an inflammatory process. Therefore, a long stay with open eyes in such water is not recommended. It can only be used for washing when there is short-term contact with the eyes.

Diving in fresh water

Diving with your eyes open on city beaches is dangerous to your health.

Even ordinary swimming in rivers and lakes, which are located near large cities, can be a risky adventure, as such sources are saturated with pathogenic bacteria such as streptococci, E. coli and staphylococci. It is impossible to open your eyes under water under such conditions - in these reservoirs the environment is usually cloudy, sewage with various chemicals often gets into it, it is difficult to see anything there. And for the organs of vision, which are much more sensitive than the skin, immersion in water is dangerous for the development of infectious diseases.

Only if there is absolute confidence in the purity and safety of the water of the river or lake into which the dive is made, you can open your eyes for a while.

Swimming in the pool

Swimming in chlorinated pool water is dangerous even for sensitive skin, not to mention mucous membranes. Since such public places are visited by a huge number of people, high concentrations of chlorine are used to disinfect them from microorganisms, which can negatively affect the eyes and even provoke reactive conjunctivitis. Both bleach and those microorganisms that remain insensitive to its effects are an explosive mixture that can cause infection and inflammatory processes organs of vision. And for this, you don’t even need to dive, it’s enough for splashes to get into your eyes. One thing is clear: you should always protect them with goggles or a mask when swimming in pools.

Immersion in sea water

In the Black Sea it is safe and comfortable to open your eyes underwater.

The salt concentration in the various seas of our planet is not uniform. So, in the Black and Baltic Seas, the parameter is almost equal to the content of sodium chloride in the human body. Therefore, diving in sea water should not cause any discomfort to a person. It is only advisable to follow the recommendations of experienced divers.

What could be more beautiful than cutting through the expanses of water, admiring the marine flora and fauna. However, for this you need to be able to swim. And not just swim, but swim underwater – confidently and gracefully. Some people face such a problem as the inability to sink to the bottom. They just float to the surface. Others cannot open their eyes underwater. Still others, in general, hold their breath for only 10 seconds, after which the smell of their oxygen comes to an end. How to overcome all these difficulties and learn to swim underwater?

How to feel the water

In order to learn to swim underwater, you need to be able to feel the water. These simple exercises will help you feel more confident in the water. It is best to perform them in a pool or in shallow water. In any situation, you should feel the bottom. You can not train in a river with a strong current - it can be dangerous.

1. The first exercise is aimed at making you feel how the water pushes the human body to the surface. To do this, go waist-deep into the water, draw more air into your chest and sit down, clasping your knees. After a moment, your body will begin to rise and soon your shoulders will be on the surface. If you feel like you're out of breath, just get back on your feet.
2. The next exercise is aimed at getting rid of the fear of water contact with the face. Just lie face down on the surface of the water. If you are afraid that water can get into your ears, use special silicone earplugs for swimming. A special clothespin can be attached to the nose, although with a fixed air retention, water cannot enter the nose. When performing the exercise, you should lie on the surface of the water, like a jellyfish.
3. The next exercise is called "asterisk". It is similar to the previous one, but you need to lie not down, but face up. You should feel the water, how well it keeps a person on the surface. In this position, you can even breathe calmly.
4. The next exercise is most convenient to do in the pool. You just need to start pushing off the side with your feet and move. This will teach you to change your position in the water.

These exercises are designed to make you feel more confident. Most athletes who dive to a depth of tens of meters say that you need to fight fear in shallow water. Gradual immersion will make you feel like a fish in water, literally.

How to learn to dive

Most of those who dream of learning to swim underwater do not take into account the fact that they first need to learn how to dive. After all, if you just lie down on the surface of the water, you will not be able to dive to the depths. So how do you learn to dive?

The best way to learn to dive is in the pool. You need to start from the side of the pool itself, and then, if you wish, move on to towers of different heights. Stand right next to the side, bend over. Hands should be lowered along the legs. Then point your hands into the water and kind of push your body to jump. You must enter the water with your hands forward. Don't forget to take a deep breath before doing this. To go as deep as possible, you need to push off with your feet.

Diving in a natural reservoir is not very convenient, because there is no ledge. We'll have to jump from a place and learn to dive in shallow water. You can not dive in little-known places, especially from a cliff, a stone ledge, a steep bank. There may be hidden rocks at the bottom that you can hit your head against. In such cases, you can lose consciousness and choke - this is very dangerous.

Diving into the water is not difficult, the main thing is to overcome fear. Several intense workouts, after which diving will be easy and even fun. However, this alone is not enough to be able to swim underwater.

Breath holding is one of the main conditions of scuba diving. The amount of time you can stay underwater without breathing depends on how much oxygen your body can store. And the supply of oxygen, in turn, depends on the volume of the lungs and the rate of consumption of this oxygen. Lung capacity can be increased through constant training - this has been proven. Draw as much air into the chest as possible, trying to increase this volume each time. You can train with hot air balloon. Fill it up in a few breaths, and then inhale as much air as you can from the balloon into your lungs. So you can clearly see the amount of oxygen inhaled.

It is very important to reduce vigorous activity underwater, which requires a lot of oxygen. You need to move very smoothly, all movements should be relaxed and soft. Professional swimmers say that during scuba diving they try to think less, get nervous, worry less. Because active brain activity also requires a lot of oxygen.

So, you have learned to dive, hold your breath too. How to learn to swim in order to feel like a part of the water world?

First, get ready to dive in the water. After the dive has passed, try to swim not up, as usual, but to the side, along the bottom. To do this, you need to move your arms like a frog. Rake the water in front of you with your hands to move forward. The legs will help speed up the movement - they need to be moved gently, like fins. If the water pushes your body out, you need to work with your hands to deepen, that is, strive to swim to the bottom.

Separately, I would like to say about the eyes open under water. During the dive, try to open your eyes - it does not hurt at all. Sea water can cause a little discomfort, although many people hardly feel it. If you can’t overcome yourself and force your eyes to open underwater, use a mask or diving goggles. They should first be adjusted on the shore so that the rubber part fits snugly against the face.

Scuba diving

Diving is underwater swimming, which uses special equipment that allows you to stay at a depth for a long time. The most important thing in equipment is a cylinder with a gas mixture, which is used by a diver for breathing. With this tank, divers can stay under water for several hours. Also important is the wetsuit, which protects a person from low temperatures that await him at great depths.

Diving can be simple, for fun - to enjoy the unusualness, beauty and originality of the underwater world. But often this is not only a hobby, but also a profession. Search work on seabed is a highly requested service. In addition, there is also sports diving, when athletes set various records.

Scuba diving is an interesting and exciting world that can surprise many ordinary people. After all, seeing with your own eyes pink reefs and a shell with a pearl is priceless. Learn something new, comprehend the unknown, strive to the bottom of the ocean to get to know our world from an unknown side.

Video: how to learn to feel the water

People tend to show a lot of curiosity to find out what's going on underwater. When all the oceans were explored and mapped, the explorers turned their eyes to their depths and began to sink deeper and deeper. Any person sometimes wants to open his eyes under water, even in a simple pool, when he knows perfectly well that his eyes will pinch because of chlorine. However, there are some ways to get used to the discomfort you experience, but there are also quite reasonable precautions, as trying to see the underwater world with the naked eye can lead to unpleasant consequences for vision. Wherever you are, in the pool, at the sea or in the lake, in order to satisfy your natural curiosity and look under the water column, it is usually recommended to apply special glasses or a swimming mask.

Steps

Naked vision underwater

Underwater vision in the pool. Looking underwater seems easy, but anyone who has done it in a pool of heavily chlorinated water knows how it burns their eyes. Fortunately, with the help of a number of tricks, you can adjust your earthly eyes to water. If these techniques do not work for you, then for safe underwater vision in the pool, it is recommended to resort to the use of glasses or a swimming mask.

Underwater vision in the ocean. Swimming in a natural water pool will not irritate your eyes due to chlorine, but since the water will not contain chlorine, a wide variety of bacteria and contaminants will be present. Near the coastline, waves constantly raise sand and small stones from the bottom, which creates the possibility of scratching the cornea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe eye. However, sailing away from the coast may be more suitable for looking underwater.

Underwater vision in the lake. In a freshwater lake, the main danger to the eyes is bacteria. While you may not necessarily get in trouble for contact with single-celled lake dwellers, it is wiser to use eye protection (goggles or a swimming mask) if you want to take a look at the underwater world. In addition, when swimming in shallow areas of the lake, you yourself can pick up dirt and sand from the bottom, which can damage unprotected eyes.

Don't forget to remove your contact lenses. In any of the above situations, contact lenses must first be removed. While there is some risk of simply losing the lenses (although the water pressure should hold them in place), the greater danger is the possibility of a bacterial infection on the lenses.

• If you wear glasses or contact lenses to improve your vision, you can order a swimming mask to be made according to the appropriate prescription. With it, you will be noticeably safer to swim than trying to see the underwater world with the naked eye. This option is suitable for all those who already do not see very well without glasses.

The use of aids

1. Put on your goggles. Goggles will allow you to see well underwater and prevent eye irritation. The glasses are securely fixed on the head with an elastic band. Putting on glasses is very simple: first put the lenses on your eyes, and then pull the elastic band from the glasses over your head. The elastic should be snug against the top of your head, but not too tight to cause discomfort.

   Use a swimming mask. A swimming mask provides the swimmer with additional protection, as it not only protects the eyes, but also pinches the nose. If you feel uncomfortable when air comes out through your nose underwater, then with a mask you no longer have to pinch your nose with your hand! Like glasses, the mask is fixed on the head with a rubber strap (only wider). You should be able to swim underwater without having to press the mask against your face.

   Consider scuba diving. Scuba diving is diving under water using oxygen cylinders (or cylinders with a special gas mixture) for breathing. Divers equip themselves with masks, wetsuits, fins and buoyancy compensators to move underwater as safely as possible and explore the seabed, reefs, caves and shipwrecks. If you are interested in diving, look for appropriate training courses nearby! In this activity, there are some nuances that need to be learned in order to minimize the risks associated with moving underwater, as people are not adapted to this environment.