Silymarin (silimarin) instructions for use. Silymarin - instructions, use, dosage, contraindications, reviews of silymarin Silymarin trade name

Film-coated tablets brown, round, biconvex.

Excipients: potato starch, sodium starch glycolate, calcium stearate, lactose monohydrate.

Shell composition: opadry (including polyvinyl alcohol, partially hydrolyzed, macrogol 3350 (polyethylene glycol), talc, titanium dioxide (E171), yellow iron oxide (E172), red iron oxide (E172), black iron oxide (E172)).

10 pieces. - contour cell packaging (3) - cardboard packs.
10 pieces. - contour cell packaging (8) - cardboard packs.

Description of the drug SILYMARINE based on officially approved instructions for use of the drug and made in 2017. Date updated: 12/26/2016

pharmachologic effect

A herbal medicine obtained from the fruits of milk thistle (Cardui mariae fructus). The effect of the drug is due to the effects of silymarin, which is a mixture of various flavonolignans, the most active of which is silibinin.

Silymarin's ability to bind free radicals provides its antioxidant activity. Thus, the pathophysiological process of lipid peroxidation, responsible for the destruction of cell membranes, is interrupted or prevented.

Silymarin inhibits the penetration of certain hepatotoxic substances into the cell (for example, the venom of the toadstool).

Silymarin enhances protein synthesis by specifically stimulating RNA polymerase A, an enzyme located in the nucleus. This leads to increased formation of ribosomal RNA and, consequently, stimulation of the synthesis of structural and functional proteins (enzymes), resulting in improved regenerative ability and accelerated regeneration of liver cells.

In damaged hepatocytes, silymarin stimulates protein synthesis and normalizes phospholipid metabolism, as a result of which silymarin stabilizes cell membranes and limits or prevents the loss of soluble components (in particular transaminases) from liver cells.

Pharmacokinetics

Suction and distribution

After oral administration, silymarin is not completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (up to 23-47%). Cmax is achieved 4-6 hours after oral administration of a single dose. Subjected to enterohepatic circulation.

In studies with 14 C-labeled silibinin, the highest concentrations were found in the liver, lungs, stomach and pancreas, with minor amounts detected in the kidneys, heart and other organs. Does not accumulate.

Metabolism and excretion

Metabolized in the liver by conjugation with sulfates and glucuronic acid. Glucuronides and sulfates were found as metabolites in bile.

T1/2 is 1-3 hours for unchanged silymarin and 6-8 hours for its metabolites. It is excreted mainly in bile (about 80%) in the form of glucuronides and sulfates and to a small extent (about 5%) in urine unchanged.

Pharmacokinetics in special groups of patients

There are no data on the pharmacokinetics of silibinin in patients with renal failure, elderly patients and children.

Dosage regimen

The drug is administered orally, without chewing, with a sufficient amount of water.

Initial dose in severe cases– 4 tablets each. 3 times/day.

IN mild cases and with maintenance treatment– 2 tablets each. 2-3 times/day.

With the aim of prevention of liver damage during chronic intoxication– 1 tab. 2-3 times/day.

The duration of treatment is at least 3 months.

Side effects

Criteria for assessing the incidence of adverse drug reactions:

• very often (≥1/10), often (≥1/100,<1/10), нечасто (≥1/1000, <1/100), редко (≥1/10 000, <1/1000), очень редко (<1/10 000).

In rare cases, the following side effects may be observed:

From the digestive tract: nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, mild diarrhea.

From the respiratory system: dyspnea.

From the urinary system: increased diuresis.

From the immune system: very rarely, hypersensitivity reactions are possible, including skin rashes, itching;

Others: it is very rare to observe an increase in existing vestibular disorders.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

During pregnancy and lactation, the drug is used according to strict medical indications, if the expected benefit from drug treatment for the woman outweighs the potential risk to the fetus and child.

special instructions

The drug should be used with caution in patients with hormonal disorders (endometriosis, uterine fibroids, breast, ovarian and uterine carcinoma, prostate carcinoma) due to the possible estrogen-like effect of silymarin.

The drug is not intended for the treatment of acute poisoning.

Treatment with the drug does not replace the elimination of the factor causing liver damage (for example, alcohol).

If jaundice develops, the patient should consult a doctor.

Release form

Mode of application

1 capsule 3 times a day with meals

One capsule contains:

Silymarin (standardized milk thistle extract, 80% silymarin flavonoids (fruit and seeds) - 300 mg

Dandelion (Dandelion Root Extract) (Taraxacum officinale) (4:1) root – 100 mg

Artichoke (extract) (Cynara scolymus) (Leaf) (standardized 2% Synarin) - 50 mg

Effect on the body

Accelerates liver cell regeneration

Some toxins destroy lipids in cell membranes like free radicals. Silymarin is able to inhibit an enzyme that enhances the process of peroxidation, which makes it an ideal means of protecting the liver from the harmful effects of alcohol, cigarette smoke, drugs and other toxic substances.

Reduces liver dysfunction that occurs in workers involved in the production of pesticides, and stops the destructive effects of silica dust that affects the respiratory tract. In addition, silymarin is highly effective in cases of liver damage caused by heavy metals contained in water, air, and food.

Strengthens the outflow and secretion of bile.

Improves skin condition in liver diseases

Indications for use

Viral and alcoholic hepatitis.

Biliary dyskinesia.

Protection from alcohol, smoking, overeating.

Cholelithiasis.

Working in hazardous industries and in unfavorable environmental conditions.

Cirrhosis of the liver, fatty degeneration, liver damage as a result of poisoning with chemicals, when the liver is destroyed by certain medications, and also as a protective agent when working with harmful substances and in unfavorable environmental conditions.

Correction of lipid metabolism disorders

Contraindications, restrictions

individual intolerance to components, pregnancy, lactation, acute inflammatory diseases of the liver and biliary tract, acute cholecystoangiocholitis with damage to the intrahepatic bile ducts; hypersensitivity.

Silymarin, even in high doses, is not dangerous or toxic. In humans, especially large doses sometimes cause looser stools. This may be due to the property of silymarin to enhance the outflow and secretion of bile into the intestinal tract. The laxative effect completely stops when the dose of Silymarin is reduced. In order to prevent this effect, it is recommended to take a certain type of dietary fiber that removes bile - “Plantain + Pectin”.

Storage conditions

in a dry, cool place, out of reach of children, temperature no higher than +25°C

name description reviews ↓ articles ↓

Description: Silymarin

Silymarin (Silybum marianum), known as Milk Thistle, has been used for thousands of years to treat liver diseases. The beneficial effect of this plant on the liver is due to silymarin, a substance found in milk thistle. Silymarin affects the liver in two ways: firstly, it strengthens cell membranes, and secondly, it promotes the formation of new cells. In addition, silymarin has antioxidant properties. Biologically active food supplement Silymarin has a positive effect on the liver, protecting it from the effects of toxic substances, alcohol and other adverse factors. Interacts with free radicals in the liver and converts them into less toxic compounds, interrupting the process of lipid peroxidation; prevents further destruction of cellular structures. In damaged hepatocytes, it stimulates the synthesis of structural and functional proteins and phospholipids (due to specific stimulation of RNA polymerase A), stabilizes cell membranes, prevents the loss of cell components (transaminases), and accelerates the regeneration of liver cells.

Dandelion officinalis. The most active substances are Eudesmanolide and Germacranolide, which are not found anywhere else in nature. Also contains significant amounts of vitamins A, C, B-complex; B-sitosterol, stigmasterol, minerals: iron, magnesium, zinc, potassium, manganese, copper, calcium, boron, silicon, sulfur.

Increases the detoxification function of the liver, has a choleretic effect, and helps with constipation. It is widely used throughout the world to treat various diseases of the liver and gallbladder.

Artichoke contains caffeylquinic acids (caffeic acid derivatives), flavonoids and bitter substances. The greatest medicinal value is silymarin, caffeylquinic acids contained in all parts of the plant. One of the derivatives of these acids is cynarin. The artichoke contains protein, carbohydrates, ascorbic acid, vitamins A, C, B1, B2, carotene, minerals, especially potassium salts and aromatic substances that give the artichoke its characteristic pleasant taste. The high content of inulin in artichoke pulp determines its inclusion in the diet of patients with diabetes. Silymarin and other artichoke bioflavonoids have an effect on liver diseases and help protect the body from destructive kidney toxins and have cleansing properties. During severe intoxication of the body, it is necessary to take artichoke, because artichoke completely destroys toxins. Recently, cymarin, which has properties similar to silymarin, was discovered in artichoke flower buds. Artichoke is recommended for anyone who has skin problems, anyone who smokes, drinks alcohol or lives in a polluted environment. The artichoke practically does not absorb lead and mercury, even if it grows in soil containing them. In Russia, artichokes began to be used in the 18th century as a remedy that could “cure jaundice, swelling, joint pain, and cleanse clogged liver and kidneys.”

Reviews of silymarin

Information for doctors and healthcare workers

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The liver is one of the main human organs, which is responsible for cleaning all systems from harmful substances. When this natural “filter” stops functioning correctly, the entire body suffers. The drug "Silymarin-Hexal", instructions for use of which will be outlined below, is precisely designed to combat liver pathologies.

Description and composition of the drug

So, the product is yellow capsules with a solid consistency. The tablet contains a homogeneous light yellow powder. The main active ingredient is dry extract of spotted milk thistle (240-286 mg in 1 capsule). Its amount can be compared to 172 mg of silymarin.

Additional substances include colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, yellow iron oxide, sodium carboxymethyl starch. The drug "Silymarin-Hexal", instructions for use of which are always present in the package, is a lipotropic hepatoprotector.

The cardboard package may contain 3 or 6 blisters of 10 capsules each. Naturally, the cost of the product also depends on this. You can purchase the drug without a prescription.

pharmachologic effect

The main feature of this medicine is its plant origin. The drug is able to neutralize free radicals present in the liver, activate blood circulation in the liver and stop the destruction of organ cells. On the contrary, the main component stimulates their regeneration. While taking the drug, the organ is restored, pathological manifestations are reduced, and the biochemical parameters of the liver improve.

Since the capsules are taken orally, they are absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration of the substance in the blood plasma can be noticed after half an hour to an hour. The drug is excreted from the body through bile (80%). A small percentage of the product may be excreted in the urine.

Indications and contraindications

If you have been prescribed the drug "Silymarin-Hexal", the instructions for use provide the following indications for its use:

• Cirrhosis of the liver.
• Chronic inflammatory processes in the represented organ.
• Hepatitis and other toxic liver damage (chemical, alcoholic).

As for contraindications, they also exist:

As you can see, the drug “Silymarin-Hexal” must be used taking into account all the characteristics of the body, the severity of liver damage and other factors that can trigger the development of side effects.

Features of dosage, instructions, interaction

The medication “Silymarin-Hexal”, the price of which is quite high, should be taken as follows: one capsule 1 or 2 times a day. Please note that you should not chew the capsules. It is advisable to swallow them whole. The course of therapy lasts about 3 months, although this is determined by your attending physician. It may take less time, or, conversely, it will have to be extended. It all depends on the effectiveness of the medicine and the characteristics of the body.

If you have been prescribed Silymarin-Hexal, the instructions for use draw attention to the following special instructions:

In principle, cases of overdose with this medicine have not been observed, but if this happens, try to rinse your stomach and take absorbent drugs (activated carbon).

As for the interaction of the presented medicine with other drugs, it may be as follows: for example, when taken together with oral contraceptives, the effectiveness of the latter may decrease. However, combining Silymarin with Diazepam and other drugs that depress the nervous system can provoke an increased sedative effect.

Adverse reactions

The drug "Silymarin-Hexal", analogues of which you will consider below, can provoke the development of such undesirable reactions:

• Nausea, diarrhea.
• Dyspnea.
• Increased urge to urinate.
• Allergic reaction on the skin.
• Vestibular disorders.

It should be noted that these effects are not fatal and disappear quickly after discontinuation of the drug.

Analogs, storage features and reviews

If you have been prescribed the drug "Silymarin-Hexal", reviews will help you understand the effect of this drug in reality. For example, many patients consider this medicine to be quite effective in cleansing the liver of toxins, restoring its cells, and preventing inflammatory pathologies. However, there are doubts about the effectiveness of treating complex diseases such as hepatitis B and C. These diseases require more serious therapy.

The shelf life of the substance is 5 years. Try to place it so that children have no access to it. Also, keep it away from direct sunlight, moisture and excessive heat.

As for analogues, the following medications may be useful to you:

• "Antral".
• "Essentiale".
• "Enerliv".
• "Holenzym."
• "Lavomax".
• "Allohol."

But they should be taken only after mandatory consultation with a doctor. If you need to purchase Silymarin-Hexal, its price will start at 270 rubles per package. As you can see, the drug is not very cheap. However, liver health is more expensive. Good luck!

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Description and instructions for the drug Silymarin

Silymarin is, at the same time, both the name of the active substance and an independent trade name of a dietary supplement. This component is isolated from milk thistle fruits. It has the following properties:

• Antioxidant – prevents excessive tissue oxidation;
• Hepatoprotective – restores the health of liver cells, strengthens their membranes, normalizes the state of their internal environment, inhibits destruction and accelerates the regeneration of liver tissue;
• Antitoxic – prevents damage to the liver by toxins and promotes their rapid removal from the body;
• Anti-inflammatory;

Treatment of the liver with the addition of silymarin preparations improves both the patient’s subjective well-being (removes discomfort in the right side, nausea, skin rashes, etc.) and objective indicators of body functions, which are determined in the laboratory.

But it should be understood that all of the listed properties and effects do not manifest themselves with any absolute force. That is, the effectiveness of silymarin will depend on the degree of liver damage and on other efforts made - diet, procedures, other medications. This is important to emphasize, since many, only after reading the list of effects of any dietary supplement or medicine, believe that all these properties should be fully manifested in any patient, in any situation.

Applicable for:

• Chronic hepatitis and during the recovery period after acute viral hepatitis;
• Hepatosis, fatty degeneration;
• Cirrhosis;
• Poisoning – acute and chronic, including alcoholism;
• Pathologies of the gallbladder and ducts;
• Fat metabolism disorders;

Silymarin is produced in a variety of pharmacological forms - from tablets and capsules to suspensions and oil. Moreover, the oil is often prescribed as an external remedy. For example, for burns or frostbite, cracks in the mucous membranes. But it can also be taken orally (the annotation of a particular product must contain a clear indication of this possibility).

The instructions for the drug Silymarin, as a rule, indicate that it should be taken before meals (half an hour before). The standard duration of one course is a month.

It is important to know that such drugs serve only as an addition to the main treatment, which should be prescribed and supervised by a doctor. Even if you decide to take Silymarin as a preventive measure, you still need to at least reconsider your diet. Otherwise, it simply makes no sense to take both poison and some antidote at the same time.

Contraindicated for:

• Intolerance;

Side effects

If a patient has an allergic reaction to Silymarin, this drug needs to be changed to another hepatoprotector. A slight laxative effect is characteristic of this substance. If you took Silymarin orally in the form of oil, try switching to tablets, dragees or capsules.

Analogs are cheaper than Silymarin

If we are talking specifically about the active substance, then it is included in the following medications:

• Karsil;
• Legalon;
• Silimar;

This list can be continued with numerous dietary supplements:

• Hello;
• Milk thistle extract;
• Milk thistle meal;
• And so on.

Of all these analogues, the cheapest ones are tablets, milk thistle meal and oil in capsules. For example, a package of 100 capsules of 300 mg of oil can be purchased for only 40 rubles. Of course, you can ask questions about quality, purification of substances, and so on. The most “respectable” in this series is the German drug Legalon, 60 capsules of which 140 mg each will cost about 600 rubles.

Reviews of Silymarin

In our society there are several “target groups” that are very committed to silymarin-based drugs. The first is people who abuse alcohol. Constantly or sporadically feeling guilty towards their own body, they try to support it. And their main concern is, traditionally, the liver (although, for example, the nervous system and brain suffer no less from alcoholism!).

Reviews about Silymarin in such cases are rather a figment of fantasy. After all, people take milk thistle preparations as they please, without checking the condition of the liver “before” and “after”. Some people think that these medications or dietary supplements “helped” them:

— I drink Karsil from time to time. Health is improving. I recently bought a package of Silymarin - it’s the same thing. The effect even seemed stronger.

Another “focus group” of Silymarin are adherents of a healthy lifestyle, convinced that the liver will not cope with its main function without their participation. These people are sure that we live in such a toxic environment that it is necessary to constantly “clean up” forcibly:

— For the liver, I prefer Silymarin in capsules. After all, it cleanses the entire body, and we must help it cleanse itself.

Also, silymarin preparations are prescribed to patients with a variety of pathologies as part of complex therapy. Often such products are paired with medications that can have a negative effect on the liver. In these situations, the individual characteristics of the patient play a big role: some may take toxic drugs without any support and not notice side effects, while others, even using hepatoprotectors, “shrink” the liver.

All this diversity of opinions and options for using silymarin should lead us to the following conclusion: such drugs are good in a clear and thoughtful scheme, in combination with other methods of treatment. Therapy should be preceded by studies of the liver condition. They should be carried out during the course of silymarin and after its completion. Otherwise, taking it makes no sense and will not bring a positive effect.

zhivizdorovim.ru

Silymarin - instructions, use, dosage, contraindications, reviews of silymarin

Release form

Mode of application

1 capsule 3 times a day with meals

One capsule contains:

Silymarin (standardized milk thistle extract, 80% silymarin flavonoids (fruit and seeds) - 300 mg

Dandelion (Dandelion Root Extract) (Taraxacum officinale) (4:1) root – 100 mg

Artichoke (extract) (Cynara scolymus) (Leaf) (standardized 2% Synarin) - 50 mg

Effect on the body

Accelerates the regeneration of liver cells.

Some toxins destroy lipids in cell membranes like free radicals. Silymarin is able to inhibit an enzyme that enhances the process of peroxidation, which makes it an ideal means of protecting the liver from the harmful effects of alcohol, cigarette smoke, drugs and other toxic substances.

Reduces liver dysfunction that occurs in workers involved in the production of pesticides, and stops the destructive effects of silica dust that affects the respiratory tract. In addition, silymarin is highly effective in cases of liver damage caused by heavy metals contained in water, air, and food.

Strengthens the outflow and secretion of bile.

Improves skin condition in liver diseases

Indications for use

Viral and alcoholic hepatitis.

Biliary dyskinesia.

Protection from alcohol, smoking, overeating.

Cholelithiasis.

Working in hazardous industries and in unfavorable environmental conditions.

Cirrhosis of the liver, fatty degeneration, liver damage as a result of poisoning with chemicals, when the liver is destroyed by certain medications, and also as a protective agent when working with harmful substances and in unfavorable environmental conditions.

Correction of lipid metabolism disorders.

Contraindications, restrictions

individual intolerance to components, pregnancy, lactation, acute inflammatory diseases of the liver and biliary tract, acute cholecystoangiocholitis with damage to the intrahepatic bile ducts; hypersensitivity.

Silymarin, even in high doses, is not dangerous or toxic. In humans, especially large doses sometimes cause looser stools. This may be due to the property of silymarin to enhance the outflow and secretion of bile into the intestinal tract. The laxative effect completely stops when the dose of Silymarin is reduced. In order to prevent this effect, it is recommended to take a certain type of dietary fiber that removes bile - “Plantain + Pectin”.

Storage conditions

in a dry, cool place, out of reach of children, temperature no higher than +25°C

name description reviews ↓ articles ↓

Description: Silymarin

Silymarin (Silybum marianum), known as Milk Thistle, has been used for thousands of years to treat liver diseases. The beneficial effect of this plant on the liver is due to silymarin, a substance found in milk thistle. Silymarin affects the liver in two ways: firstly, it strengthens cell membranes, and secondly, it promotes the formation of new cells. In addition, silymarin has antioxidant properties. Biologically active food supplement Silymarin has a positive effect on the liver, protecting it from the effects of toxic substances, alcohol and other adverse factors. Interacts with free radicals in the liver and converts them into less toxic compounds, interrupting the process of lipid peroxidation; prevents further destruction of cellular structures. In damaged hepatocytes, it stimulates the synthesis of structural and functional proteins and phospholipids (due to specific stimulation of RNA polymerase A), stabilizes cell membranes, prevents the loss of cell components (transaminases), and accelerates the regeneration of liver cells.

Dandelion officinalis. The most active substances are Eudesmanolide and Germacranolide, which are not found anywhere else in nature. Also contains significant amounts of vitamins A, C, B-complex; B-sitosterol, stigmasterol, minerals: iron, magnesium, zinc, potassium, manganese, copper, calcium, boron, silicon, sulfur.

Increases the detoxification function of the liver, has a choleretic effect, and helps with constipation. It is widely used throughout the world to treat various diseases of the liver and gallbladder.

Artichoke contains caffeylquinic acids (caffeic acid derivatives), flavonoids and bitter substances. The greatest medicinal value is silymarin, caffeylquinic acids contained in all parts of the plant. One of the derivatives of these acids is cynarin. The artichoke contains protein, carbohydrates, ascorbic acid, vitamins A, C, B1, B2, carotene, minerals, especially potassium salts and aromatic substances that give the artichoke its characteristic pleasant taste. The high content of inulin in artichoke pulp determines its inclusion in the diet of patients with diabetes. Silymarin and other artichoke bioflavonoids have an effect on liver diseases and help protect the body from destructive kidney toxins and have cleansing properties. During severe intoxication of the body, it is necessary to take artichoke, because artichoke completely destroys toxins. Recently, cymarin, which has properties similar to silymarin, was discovered in artichoke flower buds. Artichoke is recommended for anyone who has skin problems, anyone who smokes, drinks alcohol or lives in a polluted environment. The artichoke practically does not absorb lead and mercury, even if it grows in soil containing them. In Russia, artichokes began to be used in the 18th century as a remedy that could “cure jaundice, swelling, joint pain, and cleanse clogged liver and kidneys.”

Reviews of silymarin

carsil-forte.ru

Silymarin instructions for use

International name - Silibinin (Silibinin).
Trade name: Silymarin.

Release forms and composition

The active ingredient of the drug is silymarin. Silymarin is produced in various dosage forms: tablets, dragees, capsules, suspension, syrup, oil, powder.

Silymarin capsules, hard gelatin, yellow, size 0, which contain a homogeneous light yellow powder. 1 hard capsule contains 242.8 - 285.7 mg of dry extract obtained from the fruit of milk thistle (60 - 70: 1), equivalent to 172 mg silymarin. Excipients: dextrin, sodium carboxymethyl starch (type A), colloidal anhydrous silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, gelatin, titanium dioxide (E 171), yellow iron oxide (E 172).

Pharmacological group

Hepatoprotective agent.

pharmachologic effect

Hepatoprotective.

Silymarin indications for use

Silymarin can be prescribed as a powerful preventive drug for hepatitis of all types, cirrhosis of liver tissue, biliary dyskinesia and cholelithiasis, diseases of the gallbladder, intestines, dystrophy and fatty infiltration of the liver, overeating and chronic constipation, for the correction of lipid metabolism. “Silymarin” will also help people leading an unhealthy lifestyle (smoking, alcoholism, drug abuse) and working in environmentally unfavorable conditions; it eliminates the consequences of toxic liver damage.

• Hepatitis.
• Cirrhosis of the liver.
• Liver fibrosis.
• Toxic liver damage.
• Hyperlipidemia.
• Hyperchylomicronemia.
• Hyperglyceridemia.
• Hypercholesterolemia.
• Primary biliary cirrhosis.
• Secondary biliary cirrhosis.
• Disorders of lipoprotein metabolism.
• Mental disorders.
• Liver failure.

Pharmacodynamics

Silibinin interacts with free radicals in the liver and converts them into less toxic compounds, interrupting the process of lipid peroxidation; prevents further destruction of cellular structures. In damaged hepatocytes, it stimulates the synthesis of structural and functional proteins and phospholipids (due to specific stimulation of RNA polymerase A), stabilizes cell membranes, prevents the loss of cell components (transaminases), and accelerates the regeneration of liver cells. Inhibits the penetration of certain hepatotoxic substances into the cell (poisons of the toadstool mushroom). Clinically, the effect is manifested by an improvement in the general condition of patients with liver diseases, a decrease in subjective complaints, and an improvement in laboratory parameters (decrease in the activity of transaminases, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin levels). The drug is low toxic. Has an antitoxic effect.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption is low, metabolized in the liver by conjugation, T1/2 - 6 hours. Excretion - mainly with bile in the form of glucuronides and sulfates. Enterohepatic circulation takes place. The drug does not accumulate in the body. After repeated oral administration of 140 mg 3 times a day, a stable level of excretion in bile is achieved.

Dosage regimen

They are set individually depending on the severity of the disease. For the treatment of severe liver damage, 0.14 g 3 times a day is prescribed, then 0.14 g 2 times a day. In less severe cases and for maintenance therapy, 0.07 g is prescribed 3 times a day. Take orally without chewing, with a small amount of water. The solution for oral use is prescribed to elderly patients and children. For severe liver damage, adults - 1 measuring spoon 4 times a day after meals, children - 1 measuring spoon 3 times a day. For maintenance therapy, adults - 1 measuring spoon 3 times a day, children - 1/2 measuring spoon 3 times a day.

Side effects

Allergic reactions, rarely - laxative effects.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, individual intolerance to components, pregnancy, lactation, acute inflammatory diseases of the liver and biliary tract, acute cholecystoangiocholitis with damage to the intrahepatic bile ducts.

Silymarin during pregnancy and lactation

special instructions

Long-term use of silibinin significantly increases the survival rate of patients suffering from liver cirrhosis. The oral solution can be prescribed to patients with diabetes mellitus, because it does not contain glucose.

Silymarin, even in high doses, is not dangerous or toxic. In humans, especially large doses sometimes cause looser stools. This may be due to the property of silymarin to enhance the outflow and secretion of bile into the intestinal tract. The laxative effect completely stops when the dose of Silymarin is reduced. In order to prevent this effect, it is recommended to take a certain type of dietary fiber that removes bile - “Plantain + Pectin”.

Storage conditions

List B. The drug should be stored out of the reach of children, in a dry place, protected from light.

Best before date

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

The drug is available with a prescription.

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Release form and composition

• film-coated tablets: round, convex on both sides, brown (10 pcs. in blister packs, 8 packs in a cardboard pack);
• capsules (10 pieces in blisters, 3 or 6 blisters in a cardboard pack; 100 pieces in plastic jars).

Active substance: silymarin (including silibinin) – dry extract from the fruits of milk thistle, purified and standardized (acetone is used as an extractant):

• 1 tablet – 35 mg;
• 1 capsule – 70 or 172 mg.

Auxiliary components of tablets: potato starch, lactose monohydrate, calcium stearate, sodium starch glycolate, opadry (including macrogol 3350, polyvinyl alcohol, partially hydrolyzed, talc, yellow iron oxide E172, black iron oxide E172, red iron oxide E172, titanium dioxide E171).

Excipients of capsules: gelatin, sodium carboxymethyl starch, aerosil, dextrin, magnesium stearate, titanium dioxide, yellow iron oxide.

Pharmacological properties

Silymarin interacts with free radicals in liver cells, reducing their toxicity, interrupting the processes of fat peroxidation and preventing the destruction of cellular structures.

Due to the presence of flavonoids, the drug improves blood microcirculation in the liver tissues and has a positive effect on the processes of stabilization of hepatocyte membranes. By stimulating RNA polymerase, Silymarin stimulates the processes of synthesis of protein molecules, structural and functional phospholipids. The drug prevents the penetration of toxic compounds and poisons into hepatocytes, and also slows down the development of fibrotic changes and fatty degeneration in liver tissue. Clinical trials have shown that the drug significantly improves the condition and normalizes the biochemical parameters of patients suffering from liver pathologies.

Silymarin has a low absorption capacity. Absorption occurs within 2.2 hours. After entering the systemic circulation, the active substance undergoes enterohepatic circulation.

The drug is metabolized in the liver tissues by conjugation. It is excreted mainly in the form of glucuronides or sulfate with bile, partially through the kidneys. The half-life is about 6 hours.

The components of the drug do not accumulate in the body. In the case of prolonged use of the drug at a dose of 420 mg 3 times a day, its stable concentration in the blood is achieved.

During treatment, the condition of patients with liver failure significantly improves, laboratory parameters normalize and complaints disappear. With cirrhosis of the liver, the survival rate of patients is significantly increased.

Indications for use

• cirrhosis of the liver, chronic hepatitis (as part of complex therapy);
• chronic inflammatory liver disease (supportive treatment);
• steatosis (fatty infiltration or dystrophy) of the liver;
• conditions after infectious and toxic hepatitis;
• toxic liver damage due to alcoholism, intoxication with heavy metal compounds or halogenated hydrocarbons, use of medications (treatment and prevention).

In addition, Silymarin is prescribed for the correction of lipid metabolism disorders.

Contraindications

• acute intoxication;
• children under 12 years of age;
• hypersensitivity to silibinin or its analogues, or any auxiliary component.

Carefully:

• pregnancy and lactation;
• prostate carcinoma;
• breast carcinoma;
• carcinoma of the uterus or ovaries;
• uterine fibroids;
• endometriosis.

Instructions for use of Silymarin: method and dosage

Silymarin should be taken orally by swallowing the tablets/capsules whole and drinking plenty of water.

• severe liver damage: 1–2 capsules or 4 tablets 3 times a day, then 2 times a day;
• mild cases and maintenance therapy: 1 capsule or 2 tablets 2-3 times a day;
• prevention of liver damage during chronic intoxication: 1 tablet 2-3 times a day or 1-2 capsules a day.

The duration of treatment is determined individually, usually at least 3 months.

Side effects

In general, Silymarin is well tolerated; in rare cases, the following side effects are possible:

• from the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, mild diarrhea, dyspepsia;
• from the urinary system: increased diuresis;
• from the respiratory system: shortness of breath;
• from the immune system: hypersensitivity reactions, including skin rash and itching; frequency unknown - anaphylactic shock;
• other: increased baldness; very rarely - vestibular disorders.

Overdose

There is no information on cases of drug overdose. If any unusual reactions develop during therapy with Silymarin, it is recommended to lavage the stomach, take enterosorbents and consult a doctor.

There is no specific antidote.

special instructions

Taking Silymarin should be combined with diet. During treatment it is prohibited to drink alcoholic beverages.

If jaundice develops, you should contact your doctor to adjust the therapeutic regimen.

According to the instructions, Silymarin may have an estrogen-like effect, so patients who have pathological conditions associated with impaired estrogen metabolism should consult a doctor before using the drug.

In some patients, the drug causes disorders of the vestibular system. In this case, it is recommended to refrain from driving vehicles and performing other potentially dangerous work that requires quick reactions and increased concentration.

Long-term use of drugs based on milk thistle extract significantly increases the survival rate of patients with liver cirrhosis.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

During pregnancy and lactation, Silymarin should be used with caution only as prescribed by a doctor.

Use in childhood

Since there are no clinical data on the treatment of children, the use of Silymarin in the treatment of patients over 12 years of age is allowed only on the recommendation and under the supervision of a physician. The drug should not be used in children under 12 years of age.

Drug interactions

• oral contraceptives and estrogen-containing drugs for hormone replacement therapy: their effectiveness decreases;
• ketoconazole, alprozolam: their plasma concentrations increase and, as a result, toxicity increases;
• vinblastine, lovastatin, diazepam: their effects are potentiated.

Analogues

Analogs of Silymarin: Silibinin, Silegon, Silimar, Darsil, Silibor, Geparsil, Hypoglisil, Karsil, Karsil Forte, Silymarin Hexal, Legalon, Silisem, Hepalex, etc.

Terms and conditions of storage

Store in a dry place, protected from light and out of reach of children, at temperatures up to 25 °C.

The shelf life of tablets is 2 years, capsules are 5 years.

(Silimarin)

Silymarin

pharmachologic effect

Silymarin contains extracted flavonols from milk thistle raw materials (fruits) as active components. Active molecules enter into neutralization reactions with free radical groups in the cellular structures of the liver. Due to this, they stop cell destruction.

Flavonols improve microcirculation processes and participate in the stabilization of hepatocyte membranes. In affected cells, Silymarin accelerates regenerative processes. Flavone molecules act as antagonists towards hepatotoxic substances (in particular, mushroom poisons, lanthanides, carbon tetrachloride, thioacetamide, galactosamine).

Silymarin interacts with the receptor apparatus of the cell and acts as a competitor to toxic substances, preventing them from binding to receptors and realizing their negative effect on the liver. This helps slow down the development of fatty degeneration and fibrotic changes in the liver. When taking capsules, a decrease in the intensity of lipid peroxidation at the membrane level is observed. This helps to stabilize them. The drug improves the condition of patients with liver pathologies and helps normalize biochemical parameters.

Indications for use

Silymarin is indicated for maintenance therapy of patients with chronic liver pathologies. The drug is prescribed for cirrhosis of the liver, damage to liver tissue by toxins.

Mode of application

The capsule form is intended for oral administration. The dosage form should be taken with a glass of water. Standard dosage is 1–2 capsules/day. Do not chew or open capsules. The average duration of the therapeutic course is 12 weeks. Only the treating specialist can change the course of treatment or the regimen of capsule use.

Side effects

The use of Silymarin may be accompanied by:

• diarrhea;
• systemic allergic reactions;
• nausea;
• dermatological reactions associated with hypersensitivity to the drug;
• dyspepsia;
• increased baldness;
• shortness of breath;
• increased symptoms from the vestibular apparatus;
• increased diuresis.

Contraindications

Silymarin is not prescribed for:

• hypersensitivity to silibinin, its analogues;
• indications in pediatrics (up to 12 years);
• hypersensitivity to additive components of the dosage form;
• acute intoxications.

Caution is important when prescribing capsules for:

• uterine fibroids;
• indications for pregnant women;
• endometriosis;
• ovaries;
• lactation;
• breast carcinoma;
• prostate carcinoma;
• uterine carcinoma.

Pregnancy

Silymarin can be prescribed to patients during pregnancy only for health reasons.

Interaction with other drugs

Overdose

The official documentation does not indicate cases of exceeding therapeutic dosages of the drug Silymarin with the development of undesirable symptoms. If unusual symptoms appear while taking a large number of capsules, you should call an ambulance. Therapy for cleaning the gastrointestinal tract and the prescription of sorbents are indicated. A specific antidote to the active component of the drug has not been found.

Release form

Silymarin is available in capsule form for internal use. The packaging of the therapeutic agent is as follows:

• 10 capsules? 3 blisters/cardboard pack;
• 10 capsules? 6 blisters/cardboard pack.

Each cardboard box contains detailed instructions for using the therapeutic agent.

Storage conditions

The storage temperature for Silymarin capsules is up to 25 degrees Celsius. The shelf life of the medicine declared by the manufacturer is 60 months. You should choose a storage location that will be as far away from children as possible. It is prohibited to expose the dosage form to solar radiation.

Synonyms

Darsil, Heparsil, Silisem, Silymarin Sandoz, Hypoglisil, Hepalex, Silymarol.

Compound

1 capsule of the drug Silymarin contains lyophilized extract from milk thistle (fruit) 242.8–285.7 mg. This amount of extract contains 172.0–172.3 mg of silymarin. Additive components: gelatin, aerosil, sodium KMC, magnesium stearate, dextrin, yellow oxide, titanium dioxide.

Nosological classification (ICD-10)

Chronic viral without delta agent (B18.1) Chronic viral (B18.2), not elsewhere classified (K73) and (K74) Liver toxicity (K71)

ATX

Manufacturer

Hexal AG (Germany)

Additionally

The medication should be combined with a diet and abstinence from alcohol. Only in this case the strength of the therapeutic response will be maximum.

If jaundice appears, you should contact your treating specialist to make adjustments to the therapeutic regimen.

The active ingredient may have an estrogen-like effect. In the presence of pathological conditions associated with impaired estrogen metabolism, consultation with a specialist is necessary before starting therapy with Silymarin capsules.

Sometimes an individual reaction to the drug is likely to occur in patients with existing dysfunction of the vestibular apparatus. They may experience an increase in current symptoms, which will not allow them to adequately control the vehicle. Such patients are contraindicated to perform types of work that are potentially dangerous when the speed of psychomotor reaction is reduced.

The safety of Silymarin in pediatric patients has not been established. The use of the medicine is possible only according to the decision of a doctor and under his supervision.

The drug Silymarin strengthens the membranes of liver cells and also has a beneficial effect on the formation of new ones. In addition, Silymarin protects the liver from the effects of toxins (translates negative substances into less toxic compounds).

Dandelion supplement increases the liver's ability to detoxify, prevents constipation, normalizes the flow of bile, helps with hepatitis, and also neutralizes the negative effects of nicotine and alcohol.

Reviews of this product are presented at the end.

Silymarin is a hepatoprotective medicine that is of plant origin. In combination, Silymarin has a positive effect on the liver’s ability to regenerate, cleanse it of toxins, and improve the condition of the skin.

1. Instructions for use

An instruction leaflet is included in each package of Silymarin. The instructions contain such useful information as information about the indications, method of administration, combination of drugs, pharmacology, side effects, actions in case of overdose, use during pregnancy, contraindications, conditions and shelf life, composition, as well as the form in which this product can be produced. medicinal product.

Pharmacology

Milk thistle is a plant that stands out among other types of thistles because of the white spots on its leaves, which is how it got its name. Today, the plant is in a leading position among the most effective folk and traditional medicines in the fight against any disease. Milk thistle is also in demand as an effective and safe hepatoprotector.

The seeds of the plant are used for medicinal purposes. The seed husk contains a large amount of bioflavonoids - vitamin-like substances that have an antioxidant effect and protect blood vessels.

Silymarin helps cleanse, restore and strengthen liver cells, normalizes the functioning of the liver, thereby protecting it from destruction.

In addition, Silymarin in seeds contains fatty acids, phospholipids, carotenoids, minerals, enzymes, vitamins, which have a positive effect not only on the liver, but also on other internal organs. In addition, milk thistle improves immunity, has bactericidal, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic and analgesic effects.

In what cases is admission justified?

• Chronic form of liver disease (as a preventive measure);
• Chronic form of hepatitis (complex treatment);
• Liver steatosis (dystrophy or infiltration);
• Conditions that arise after suffering toxic or infectious hepatitis;
• Liver damage due to alcoholism;
• Fibriosis, hyperlipidemia, hyperglyceridemia, hyperchylomicronemia, hypercholesterolemia;
• Intoxication with hydrocarbons and heavy metals;
• Diseases of the gallbladder, for example, cholangitis, dyskinesia, cholecystitis.

In addition, the drug is often prescribed for lipid metabolism disorders.

How should this medicine be taken?

Attention! If a person cannot drink the capsules whole, then the patient can only take the contents. They should be dissolved in half a glass of water or other liquid.

For severe liver damage, the drug is prescribed in a dosage of one or two capsules or four tablets, which should be taken three times a day. After this, the medicine must be taken several times a day.

For mild liver damage, the drug is prescribed in a dosage of one capsule or two tablets. The number of doses per day ranges from two to three times.

To prevent liver damage, the drug is prescribed in a dosage of one tablet. The frequency of doses per day is 2-3 times. In addition, you can take 2 capsules, the number of doses does not change.

The duration of treatment is selected individually, but, as a rule, this period does not exceed three months.

What composition does the product have?

The drug can be produced in two forms:

• The tablets are round pills that are brown in color;
• Capsules. One package contains 3-6 blisters of 10 capsules.

The active substance of the drug is silymarin.

• Auxiliary components of tablets are components such as potato starch, lactose monohydrate, calcium stearate, talc, yellow iron oxide, titanium dioxide, macrogol 3350, polyvinyl alcohol, black oxide, red oxide.
• Auxiliary components of capsules is gelatin, aerosil, titanium dioxide, magnesium stearate, sodium carboxymethyl starch, yellow iron oxide.

Combination of funds

Before starting treatment, you should inform your doctor if you are taking any medications. This must be done so that the doctor can choose the right drug.

• The effectiveness of oral contraceptives decreases;
• Alprozolam, ketoconazole: their concentration increases, and their toxicity also increases;
• Diazepam, vinblastine, lovastatin potentiates their effectiveness.

2. Adverse reactions

The drug is tolerated quite well, although sometimes the patient experiences symptoms such as:

• Vomiting, dyspepsia, diarrhea, and nausea;
• Dyspnea;
• Anaphylactic shock, rash, and itching;
• Baldness;
• Violation of the vestibular apparatus;
• Depression, which can be severe.

Overdose

In case of an overdose, a person experiences increased adverse reactions, as well as depression, which can be severe. Treatment is symptomatic. In this case, the medication should be stopped.

Did you know that the most common disease of the 21st century is liver disease? Find out more about liver disease:
- How to recognize the first signs of hepatitis and effectively cope with the disease?
- Interesting article about liver cirrhosis, you will learn about the history of the disease and its prevalence in the world.
- Pain or discomfort in the right hypochondrium? Maybe it's hepatitis! Find out how it can be cured.

In what cases is use contraindicated?

Silymarin is not recommended for use in conditions such as:

• In case of intoxication, which occurs in a severe form;
• If the patient's age is less than 12 years;
• Increased allergies.

With increased caution, the medicine can be prescribed for prostate carcinoma, uterine carcinoma, uterine fibroids, endometriosis, and breast carcinoma.

Pregnancy

The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

3. How should this drug be stored?

The medicine should be placed in a dark room, the temperature in which ranges from fifteen to twenty degrees. In addition, the drug should be placed in a place where children and pets will never have access.