Manufacturer of comfortable orthopedic shoes from Germany. Features of wearing orthopedic shoes for flat feet in adults and children Surgical treatment of flat feet

Initially, doctors believed that shoes for flat feet only worsened the patient’s condition, but over time, views changed. Today, orthopedic products have been created that are used to treat and prevent flat arches. Unfortunately, when a person has to wear models with a flattened arch, he should abandon fashion trends, but health is more important.

When flattening the arch, you should choose models that will not harm your health and will prevent the formation of swelling of the foot. Pain syndrome with flat feet interferes with movement.

Already with the 1st degree of flat valgus or transverse foot, you should wear special products that will prevent further progression of the pathology. However, it does not matter what degree of pathology the child has. Special models are recommended at all stages.

Sneakers do not help with flat hallux valgus. They are not recommended for children to wear constantly.

It is better to select shoes if the disease is detected in a timely manner. In such a situation, doctors will make special models that will not differ from store-bought products. It is quite difficult to distinguish orthopedic models from regular ones by appearance.

Why are narrow shoes harmful?

Orthopedic sneakers for children

If you have a flat arch, tight shoes and boots can cause damage to your feet. They compress the soft tissues of the foot and prevent the skin from breathing. To reduce pressure, orthopedic shoes for flat feet are selected individually to fit the size of the foot.

In children, there is a subcutaneous fat layer to prevent pressure on the soles. With its help, compression of soft tissues is prevented, because babies have absolutely smooth soles of their feet after birth. In adults, part of the fat layer remains, but when wearing tight and narrow shoes, it gradually dissolves. The shock-absorbing function in such a situation is first assigned to the ligaments and muscles of the foot, and then to the joints and spine.

When walking or running, excessive stress is placed on the soles. If the foot is flat, pain and swelling develop. Wrong shoes only aggravate the course of the pathology.

Hard products definitely cause harm in case of transverse or longitudinal flat feet. They provoke a decrease in concavity. In schoolchildren, due to the narrowness of the shoes, the foot develops flat. It’s not for nothing that doctors recommend that children wear shoes one size larger.

How dangerous are high heels?

Only the bottom two right heels can be worn with flat feet

Flat valgus arches in women occur quite often due to high heels. In combination with obesity, they make an explosive mixture. Wearing high shoes for a long time leads to impaired blood circulation and relaxation of the ligaments of the foot. Because of this, its concavity is flattened.

The center of the body when walking in high heels is shifted forward. At the same time, the calf muscles are tensed, the hip joints are tense, and the surface of the sole becomes flat in the transverse direction.

What do orthopedic shoes look like?

Standard of orthopedic products for flat feet:

• the upper and sole must be made of leather materials;
• the heel is small (up to 3 cm);
• the toe is wide enough;
• fixed hard back;
• absence of cracks on the outer and inner surfaces;
• the color should not wash off;
• no allergies when wearing;
• flexible sole;
• comfortable to wear.

What shoes to wear if you have flat feet

You can wear special models for flat valgus deformity and transverse flatfoot only after consultation with an orthopedic traumatologist. Orthopedic products must support the spring and shock-absorbing function of the foot. If the sole of the models does not provide sufficient functionality, orthopedists recommend inserting orthopedic insoles into them.

Of course, running shoes can only be used during physical activity. If you wear them constantly, your feet become damp and cracks appear on the skin. Against this background, it is very difficult for the ligaments to function; they stretch. The attachment of bacteria to skin cracks causes inflammatory changes in the foot.

How to wear high heels?

If a woman still needs to wear high shoes, experts recommend limiting the time they are used. To eliminate relaxation of the ligamentous apparatus, you should engage in shaping and swimming.

If you experience the slightest pain in your foot when walking, consult a podiatrist. The rest of the time, wear arch supports and orthopedic insoles prescribed by your doctor. Of course, exclude running shoes.

There are differences in orthopedic shoes for longitudinal flatfoot and pes planus valgus in adults and children.

Scheme of the correct choice of children's shoes when flattening the arch

When asking doctors about what shoes to wear for children with flattened arches, parents often hear mixed answers. Indeed, it is difficult for a child to choose new things for his feet that would ideally contribute to the development of his feet. However, there are some general principles for choosing it for children:

• For the first steps of a child, you should not buy special models. It is better if the baby walks barefoot on the floor;
• It takes a long time for a child to acquire transverse flatfoot. Only in 3% of cases is this diagnosis considered congenital, and the child’s foot is normally flat after birth;
• always buy shoes for children that are a size larger to suit their foot height;
• Comfort when walking is the main principle.

Scheme for choosing shoes for flat valgus deformity

The main types of models for flat valgus foot in adults:

1. Enhanced comfort models take into account the anatomical features of the foot.

They are used for both daily walking and running. In some design features, the products resemble sneakers, but have all the orthopedic properties.

Many models have design elements that add unique properties to the product. For example, the “anti-shock heel” contains a metatarsal drop, as well as unique arch supports. In such products, the legs do not swell, and the skin is able to breathe. A special “breathable” last prevents the formation of moisture and also eliminates swelling of the foot.

There are comfortable models for children and the elderly.

1. Preventative products for children's feet prevent the development of deformities. In them, the baby can run around the apartment or on the street. A special feature of the products is the presence of a sole with a slope and a comfortable insole.

If a child wears preventive shoes from an early age, he will never have flat valgus or varus deformity. The hard heel protects the baby’s foot from excessive extension and inward displacement of the heel bone. There will never be calluses or corns in such new clothes. The wall materials are soft and elastic.

For adults, there are also preventative models (sandals, boots, shoes and sandals). They are best used by people who spend a long time on their feet (doctors, catering workers, teachers). For medical workers, models have been created that can be sterilized to a temperature of 135 degrees Celsius.

1. Postoperative shoes are designed to be worn after surgical manipulation of the foot. The design of the products allows patients with diabetes to walk comfortably and also prevent the appearance of ulcers and cracks.
2. Special orthopedic shoes are used to correct the walking pattern.

Often it is caused by sneakers or running shoes that a person wears for a long time. Deformities such as clubfoot, X-shaped foot, and muscle paralysis require special models to correct bone misalignment. They have a rigid design, double-sided boots, and a fixed heel. Of course, such shoes are made exclusively to order.

1. Shoes for diseases are used in the formation of flat valgus deformity (“protruding lump”, “bone”, hallux valgus). The products mask cosmetic defects of the foot. They contain soft inserts with filler that can adapt to the sole.
2. Models for rheumatism take into account the formation of arthrosis of the thumb in humans, as well as hammertoe deformity of the metatarsal bones. Typically, these shoes have a high toe box and a wide base. Any incorrect pressure on the sole is eliminated by the seamless lining.

Thus, there are various models of orthopedic shoes that are used in adults and children not only for flat feet, but also for concomitant diseases. However, before choosing orthopedic products, you should consult with a specialist.

In contact with

Classmates

treatment of joints and spine

• Diseases
  • Arothrosis
  • Arthritis
  • Ankylosing spondylitis
  • Bursitis
  • Dysplasia
  • Sciatica
  • Myositis
  • Osteomyelitis
  • Osteoporosis
  • Fracture
  • Flat feet
  • Gout
  • Radiculitis
  • Rheumatism
  • Heel spur
  • Scoliosis
• Joints
  • Knee
  • Brachial
  • Hip
  • Other joints
• Spine
  • Spine
  • Osteochondrosis
  • Cervical region
  • Thoracic region
  • Lumbar
  • Hernias
• Treatment
  • Exercises
  • Operations
  • From pain
• Other
  • Muscles
  • Ligaments

Symptoms and treatment of flat feet

​Shoes should have a small heel and arch support​

Flat feet in children. Treatment must be timely!

- If you already have flat feet, then arch supports may be required. (But, it’s better if it’s made especially for you or at least selected for you)​

What shoes should children wear if they have flat feet?

​Therapeutic exercise for flat feet, used in the initial stages of the disease, can prevent complications and has a good therapeutic effect for longitudinal flat feet. To do this, it is enough to perform various exercises for 10-15 minutes 3-4 times a day.​

Main symptoms of flat feet

​In orthopedics, both conservative and surgical treatment of flat feet are used.​

• - Walking barefoot on sand (you can use a box half a meter by meter for sand) or a foam rubber mat (or with a large pile), bending your toes and resting on the outer edge of the foot;
• ​To examine the severity of transverse flatfoot, an analysis of the obtained radiographs is performed.​
• ​Adults more often have static flat feet, which is associated with excessive stress on the legs. This is primarily due to excess weight. People whose profession requires standing for long periods of time - hairdressers, salesmen, machine operators - also suffer. These people are at risk for developing flat feet, just like surgeons who stand at the operating table for hours.
• ​Flat feet​

What shoes should adults wear for flat feet?

Today in orthopedics there are more than 300 methods of surgical correction of transverse flatfoot, the main advantage of which is the absence of relapses. The essence of all interventions for flat feet is to restore the correct anatomical shape of the foot by correcting the transverse arch and changing the angle between the bones of the foot. The choice of technique depends mainly on the severity of the changes and the presence of concomitant deformation of the toes. The operation is performed under general or spinal anesthesia. After the operation, the use of special orthopedic shoes is prescribed, which allows you to get back on your feet the very next day after the operation.​

​When examining the shoes, the heel is worn out on the inside.​

1. Let's talk about such a disease as flat feet. What are the symptoms of flat feet? What causes lead to the disease, and if you find signs of flat feet, what treatment methods will be most effective. The source of danger for foot deformation is shoes, and not only with heels. Wearing Ugg boots, sandals, and ballet shoes leads to flat feet. Of all the people who suffer from bunion deformity, 90% are women. In some cases, the cause of flat feet is heredity, injury, but in most cases, high-heeled shoes.​
2. Moreover, it is very ambiguous whether they should be worn all the time. It's like glasses.​
3. Exercises for flat feet in adults are aimed at flexing and extending the feet, grasping small objects with the toes, rolling the foot from toe to heel and rolling the feet on a rolling pin (any oval object will do). For patients with flat feet, it is useful to walk on grass or warm earth, as well as to change the load on individual parts of the foot. To do this, you need to walk for 2-3 minutes, first on your toes, then on your heels or the outer edge of your feet.​

Treatment of transverse flatfoot: surgical treatment, exercise therapy, massage, orthopedic insoles.

​Conservative methods, as a rule, contain a whole range of measures and are used in the initial stages of the disease.​

Methods for determining flat feet

- Walking on a sloped surface with support on the outer edge of the foot;

​There are 3 degrees of longitudinal flatfoot:​

• ​On X-ray photographs in a direct projection, to determine the degree of transverse flatfoot, three straight lines are drawn, corresponding to the longitudinal axes of the I-II metatarsal bones and the main phalanx of the first toe. They form
• ​With transverse flatfoot​
• - a change in the shape of the foot, characterized by drooping of its longitudinal and transverse arches.​
• ​Maximum shock absorption during the foot is the main characteristic of a properly selected orthopedic insole. Moreover, such an insole must exactly match the size of the patient’s foot and the shoe in which it is inserted. It absorbs static and dynamic load on the feet and indirectly restores blood flow. In children, an orthopedic insole promotes the correct formation of the arches of the feet. Many parents buy their children shoes with orthopedic insoles for prevention.​
• ​The feet become wider, and your favorite shoes become narrow and tight.​

​In some children, hallux valgus deformity can be noticed at an early age. It takes a lot of effort to treat this disease. Intrauterine deformity is rarely diagnosed. In many cases, this disease is acquired. The child is exposed to the disease from the very first steps. The muscular system, which is not yet fully formed, is subjected to severe stress that it cannot cope with. Often parents do not notice the changes and miss the time when the disease can be dealt with by wearing orthopedic shoes and physiotherapy.​

​You put on glasses, and then you can’t take them off - maybe it’s more advisable to TRAIN your feet part of the time by walking without arch supports or in other supports

​For a massage for flat feet, it is not necessary to go to a massage therapist; it is enough to purchase several massage mats and place them in those parts of the house where a person visits most often. Foot massage improves microcirculation and strengthens ligaments and muscles. Physiotherapeutic treatment methods have their effect not only in the early stages of the disease, but also after surgery.​

​Surgery in adults is used in cases where the disease is advanced and the patient is practically unable to move.​

Video “Transverse flatfoot”

How to treat flat feet

- Walking sideways on a log.

Foot massage

• The transverse arch of the foot is flattened, its anterior section rests on the heads of all five metatarsal bones, the length of the feet decreases due to the fan-shaped divergence of the metatarsal bones, the outward deviation of the first toe and the hammer-shaped deformation of the middle toe. With longitudinal flatfoot, the longitudinal arch is flattened and the foot comes into contact with the floor with almost the entire area of ​​the sole, the length of the feet increases.​
• ​Different​
• ​For fashionable modern women, more often than men suffering from various foot deformities, special half-insoles have been developed - arch supports for dress shoes with high heels and for shoes with low heels, as well as special frame insoles for closed shoes.​
• ​Pain spreads from the foot up to the knee and hip joint, sometimes extending to the spine and is combined with headaches.​

​For your baby, when he takes his first steps, choose the right shoes: made of genuine leather, with a hard heel that secures the ankle joint well. The heel should be square, with an instep support. The clasp should fit tightly on the ankle. To prevent flat feet, allow your child to run barefoot on sand, pebbles, or a rug several times a day.​

Basic principles of exercise therapy

​You can also look at my website about the treatment of flat feet and bunions​

Foot baths

​In conclusion, I would like to remind you that flat feet is a serious disease, which in advanced cases can lead to complications. But this diagnosis is not a death sentence, and prevention of flat feet is the best medicine.​

Orthopedic shoes, inlays and insoles

​On the other hand, if there is flat feet, but the patient does not have difficulty moving or other complaints, then treatment may not be carried out, especially since it is still not possible to completely correct the position of the foot in adults.​

If all else fails

Transverse flatfoot: surgical treatment

​the angle of the arch is 131-140°, the height of the arch is 35 - 25 mm, there is no deformation of the bones of the foot.​

Orthopedic insoles for transverse flat feet

​deformation, the angle between the I-II metatarsal bones is 10 - 12 degrees, and the angle of deviation of the first toe is 15 - 20 degrees;

Flat feet are directly dependent on body weight: the greater the weight and, therefore, the load on the feet, the more pronounced the longitudinal flat feet. This pathology occurs mainly in women.​

​All insoles should be selected only with a specialist who can advise on the best option.​

Gymnastics for flat feet

​All these symptoms and complaints together are an indication for a more thorough examination.​

​Consult your podiatrist if you notice the following symptoms:​

1. ​(remove spaces in hallus-valgus. narod. ru)​
2. hallus valgus
3. ​Wearing orthopedic insoles for flat feet is mandatory and effective.​
4. ​Gymnastics.​
5. ​2nd degree:​
6. ​at II degree​
7. ​Longitudinal flatfoot​
8. Are the bones on your feet growing? Treatment methods for gout on the legs

Diagnosis of flat feet can be carried out both in a medical institution and at home independently. How to determine flat feet at home? There is a fairly simple way to do this. You need to smear your feet with rich cream and stand on a white sheet of paper directly with support on your entire foot. Now all that remains is to evaluate the print. Normally, the notch along the inner edge in the middle of the foot should take up a little more than half of the foot. If it occupies almost the entire foot or, on the contrary, too much space, then you can think about flat feet. This method is called platnography. Doctors use Lugol's solution as a dye.​

Video “Exercise therapy for flat feet”

​the width of the foot has increased

Flat feet. Description, types, prevention and treatment of flat feet | Medicine on “GOOD IS!”

​For prevention, it is very important to walk barefoot, but not on the floor, not on asphalt, but on an uneven surface (pebbles, cones, grass)​

With severe flat feet and heavy loads on the legs, unfortunately, teenagers and adults will often have pain in their legs and even their heads. The goal of conservative therapy in adults is to strengthen the ligaments and muscles of the foot, lower leg, and back, as well as to stop the processes of deformation in the foot. These measures are especially relevant in the initial stages of the disease with transverse flatfoot. In this case, the bones of the foot separate, and the inner part of the big toe moves outward, causing a painful lump (bunion) to appear on the foot. If treatment for such a deformity is not started at the initial stage of the disease, then conservative treatment of transverse flatfoot in adults turns out to be ineffective, and only surgery can help.​

​Gymnastics should become a daily and habitual activity for a patient with flat feet. It is better to do it not once, but 2-3 times a day.​​​the angle of the arch is 141-155°, the height of the arch is 24 - 17 mm, there may be signs of deforming arthrosis of the talonavicular joint.​ ​these angles increase accordingly to 15 and 30 degrees; occurs most often at the age of 16-25 years, transverse - at 35-50 years. According to the origin of flatfoot, a distinction is made between congenital flatfoot, traumatic, paralytic and static.​ ​longitudinal flatfoot​

Exercise therapy for flat feet is the main method of correcting flat feet. Both adults and children can perform these simple exercises under parental supervision.​

Symptoms of flat feet

​You can also calculate the podometric index at home (Frinland’s podometric method). To do this, measure the height and length of the foot. The height of the foot is the distance from the plantar surface to the upper edge of the navicular bone. Foot length is the distance from the top of the big toe to the edge of the heel. Multiply the height of the foot by one hundred and divide by the length. Normally, this indicator should not go beyond the range of 29 -31. With a podometric index of 27 - 29, they speak of flat feet.​

Causes of flat feet

​you quickly get tired when walking, when you just stand on your feet, you feel a feeling of heaviness, pain

​For physical education and sports, it is advisable to buy good sneakers, and not run with bad sneakers or random shoes.​

​Because with flat feet, depreciation is sharply reduced and severe overload of the spinal cord and brain occurs

​Refusal of uncomfortable or tight shoes, as well as high-heeled shoes. A small heel will help redistribute the load in the legs.​

The transverse arch of the foot is located between the toes, and the longitudinal arch is located along its inner edge. In this regard, there are several types of flat feet:

​at III degree​

It is not easy to establish congenital flat feet before the age of 5-6 years, since all children younger than this age have all the elements of a flat foot. However, in approximately 3% of all cases of flat feet, the flat foot is congenital.​

​, a combination of both forms is possible.​

​Approximate set of exercises:​

​The diagnosis is confirmed by X-ray examination of both feet in frontal and lateral projections and under load. Then, based on the analysis of the radiograph, the severity of the changes is determined.​

Types of flat feet

​feet and ankles swell in the evenings​You're probably wondering how flat feet are measured objectively​

With flat feet, the spine suffers greatly.

Limiting heavy physical activity, ensuring rest (during treatment) and applying a cold compress to the foot. Rest and a cold compress relieve swelling and pain.​ ​transverse;​

​arch angle is >155°, height​

- up to 20 and 40 degrees;​Traumatic flatfoot​

​Transverse flatfoot in combination with other deformities is 55.23%, longitudinal flatfoot in combination with other deformities of the feet is 29.3%.​ ​Catching the ball with the feet and lifting.​

​It is possible to straighten the foot completely only in childhood, when the bones are not yet strong and the ligamentous apparatus is quite flexible. But before five or six years of age, it is too early to talk about flat feet, since a child’s foot may appear flat due to the fatty “cushion” that performs a protective function in relation to the bone base. Therefore, all children should be examined by an orthopedist once a year for preventive purposes.​ ​if you notice that the edge of the sole or heel is worn away​

​Here is the answer to this questionhttp://otvet.mail.ru/question/63121079/​

​It is more difficult for women to give birth to a healthy child​

​Modeling the desired arch of the foot using insoles for flat feet or orthopedic shoes. Arch support insoles, which are inserted closer to the front of the foot, have a good therapeutic effect for longitudinal flat feet. To reduce the load on the heel, special heels are inserted into the shoes, and if the big toe is deviated, you can wear inter-toe inserts.​

Diagnosis of flat feet

- a consequence of a fracture of the ankles, heel bone, tarsal bones. Paralytic flat foot is the result of paralysis of the plantar muscles of the foot and the muscles starting on the lower leg (a consequence of Poliomyelitis).​

- Pain in the feet, knees, hips, back. - Unnatural gait and posture. - It is easier to bend over than to squat; crouching, it is difficult to maintain balance. - “Heavy” gait. - Clubfoot when walking. - Deformed feet (flat feet, crooked, disproportionately long toes, “bone” on the big toe, or gout (hallux valgus), ugly wide foot), deformation of the knee joints, disproportionate development of the muscles of the legs and lower legs. - Flat feet predisposes to the development of ingrown toenails.​

• ​Rotation of feet clockwise and counterclockwise.​​Treatment of flat feet usually begins with conservative methods, which include massage, physical therapy and special relaxing foot baths. Orthopedic shoes or insoles are of particular importance.​
• ​if you feel discomfort when wearing high-heeled shoes​​There are details about many methods + photos​
• ​often I begin to grow so-called “bones” on my legs​Taking medications that relieve pain and symptoms of inflammation. These include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (diclofenac, ibuprofen) and corticosteroids, which are injected into the joint for severe pain.​
• ​combined, when a person has two types of flat feet at once.​​Footprint for various degrees of flat feet from zero to third:​

- exceed 20 and 40 degrees.

• Flat feet are often acquired, but occur against the background of congenital connective tissue deficiency and hereditary subtility. This type of foot is also often called “aristocratic.”​ ​Sliding with the feet using the toes.​
• ​Massage of legs and feet for flat feet relieves fatigue, stimulates blood circulation and reduces swelling. Basic techniques: Our ancestors did not suffer from flat feet. This can be explained by the fact that the human foot is designed to walk barefoot on pebbles, sand and dirt, but not on asphalt. Added to this is wearing the “wrong” shoes, and the foot becomes deformed. But this does not mean that we should abandon laminate and parquet. You just need to choose shoes that will not harm your feet. Orthopedists strictly prohibit wearing high-heeled shoes! Instead, there should be a stable and wide heel, the height of which should be 2.5-3 cm, and for children - no more than 1 cm. Despite the warnings, women do not refuse high-heeled shoes.​
• ​If you have any questions, write personally​​(therefore, it is advisable for girls under 17-18 years old not to abuse high-heeled shoes)​

​Use of massage, exercises and exercise therapy for flat feet.​

The disease can be congenital or acquired, and occurs not only in adults, but also in children. Unfortunately, the presence of this problem in children worries parents more than the appearance of flat feet in themselves. Few adults consider this deformation a disease, but it is flat feet that lead to many complications associated with the musculoskeletal system.​

​Pregnancy causes various changes in the body. Many of the women present the same complaints. One of these complaints that is practically not taken into account is pain in the legs. Due to natural weight gain during pregnancy, the body's center of gravity shifts forward. This causes a redistribution of the load on the limbs and an increase in pressure in the knee joints and feet.​

​ ​ ​is caused by the body’s load on the weakened bones of the foot.​

​There are, for example, ladies who “even have a narrow hand in rings,” as Blok wrote, or “a narrow heel,” as Pushkin’s Don Juan managed to spy. In a word, thin bone. Women suffer 4 times more often than men.​ ​Rolling a gymnastic stick.​

​stroking the sole is carried out with the back of the hand;​In this case, you can find a compromise:​

​Treatment must necessarily include​

Flat feet and pregnancy

​In addition, a set of measures should be aimed at eliminating the main cause of the disease. Prevention of osteoporosis and osteochondrosis, normalization of weight, increased physical activity - all these measures provide not only a systematic approach to treatment, but also guarantee a successful result.​

There are also 3 degrees of flat feet, the difference being factors such as the degree of flattening of the foot and the presence of complaints from the patient. The occurrence of this disease in adults is often associated with:

​Pregnant women may experience excessive pronation of the foot. These changes can cause pain in the heels, arch, or metatarsus. Many women experience leg muscle cramps and varicose veins of the lower extremities. Therefore, all pregnant women need to have the necessary information about their health and, in particular, about the function of their legs, so that the nine-month pregnancy period is as comfortable as possible for them.​

Treatment of flat feet

To determine the severity of longitudinal flatfoot, radiography of the feet is performed in a lateral projection. In the picture, three lines are drawn forming a triangle with an obtuse angle directed upward.​

​And one of the unfavorable development factors is improperly made shoes. Fashionistas pay with flat feet for high heels and narrow shoe toes, when the legs do not rest on the entire foot, but only on the heads of the metatarsal bones.​

​Rolling a gymnastics hoop with your toes.​

​rubbing with fingertips, performing circular movements;​​Don't wear tight shoes​

​According to the recommendations of orthopedic doctors, preference should be given to ordinary leather shoes. Moreover, the leather should be quite soft, and the sole should have a small heel. High-quality sports sneakers are also quite suitable. Women should limit themselves to wearing high heels and platforms. They unevenly distribute the load on the foot when walking and can only aggravate flat feet.​

- Massage from an experienced masseur

​Surgery in adults is performed in difficult situations, when only surgery can help relieve pain and return the foot to its original position. In these cases, the following types of operations are used.​

Excessive pronation, which accompanies flat feet, occurs because the arch of the foot flattens under the influence of the woman’s increasing weight due to the growing fetus. This can cause strain and inflammation of the plantar fascia, which runs from the heel to the toes. Excessive pronation can cause walking to become painful due to increased stress on the calf muscles and spine. Overpronation is very common in people with weak, flat feet and overweight.​ ​First Line​

Features and types of disease

​(the most common 82.1%) occurs due to weakness of the muscles of the lower leg and foot, ligaments and bones. The reasons for the development of static flat feet can be different:

• ​Shoes with heels no higher than 4 cm are considered “healthy”.
• ​Use your toes to grab and lift small objects (pencil, sponge)​
• ​rubbing with a fist, while lightly pressing on the foot;​

​It is necessary that the heel fits tightly to the shoe.​

• ​- Exercise therapy (persistent and daily)​
• ​Osteotomy - in which the deformity is corrected by cutting the ligaments.​
• ​weakness of the muscles and ligaments of the foot;​
• ​1. It is necessary to strengthen the muscles that support the arch of the foot.​

​- is carried out horizontally, through a point on the plantar surface of the tubercle of the calcaneus, and a point on the head of the 1st metatarsal bone;​

In what cases does it need to be treated?

- increase in body weight; - decrease in muscle strength with physiological aging; - lack of training in people with sedentary professions, etc.

​Unfortunately, many of our factories produce shoes, regardless of the opinion of podiatrists (the specialty “podiatrist” is well known in developed Western countries; in Russia, podiatry is only taking its first steps; in general, podiatry is a branch of musculoskeletal medicine that deals with problems feet - lower limbs, posture and gait).​

​Fingers bending and straightening.​

• ​squeezing.​
• ​Try to buy shoes in the afternoon. The legs increase slightly in size in the evening.​

Nowadays pharmacies sell special arch supports... or pads in shoes for flat feet. and shoes with low heels. ​

​(walk on the heels, on the toes, on the outside and inside of the foot)

​Excision of a deformed bone or bone spur.​

Conservative

• suffered from rickets in childhood;
• ​Natural strengthening of the body helps strengthen the foot. It is useful for a child to swim - crawl is better, but you can just flounder at the edge of the pool - it is important that the stroke occurs with the leg. It is useful to walk barefoot - on sand (not hot) or pebbles (not sharp). Run along hills and hills, walk on a log.​
• ​Second line​
• ​Internal reasons that contribute to the development of foot deformities also include hereditary predisposition, and external reasons include occupational overload of the feet (a woman with a normal foot structure who spends 7-8 hours at the counter or in a weaving shop can acquire this disease over time ), housekeeping, wearing inappropriate shoes (narrow, uncomfortable).​
• ​For proper formation of the arches of the feet, constant stimulation of the muscles and ligaments is required. Stimulants can be hard grass, stones, sand, earth (if you walk on them barefoot).​

​Rolling from the toes to the outer edge of the foot and back in a standing position.​

Operational

How to treat polyarthritis of the joints? Read more

• The issue of treating transverse flatfoot is one of the frequently discussed issues in orthopedics, since both children and adults suffer from this pathology, and the neglected process always leads to diseases of the joints and spine, which is why it is so important to develop a comprehensive treatment plan for this disease. For each patient, this plan will be individual, depending on risk factors (obesity, congenital connective tissue pathology, profession associated with prolonged standing) and the presence of concomitant pathology.​
• ​Kagamine Len​
• A very important exercise is to bend and straighten your fingers (as if into a fist)
• ​Synovectomy - in which the joint membrane is removed.​
• ​as well as with professional activities.​

When is it better to use exercise therapy?

​Physical education is certainly beneficial for children with flat feet. Recommendations for restrictions here are very relative. For example, skating, cross-country skating, or weightlifting put unnecessary stress on the arch of the foot. On the other hand, they are not contraindicated if there are no severe clinical manifestations of the disease - pain, swelling. Thus, almost all speed skaters develop flat feet over time, which does not prevent them from achieving high athletic results. The famous high jumper Vladimir Yashchenko had pronounced flat feet. However, he turned his disadvantage into a plus - at the moment of the jump he corrected the deformed muscles of the foot, which increased his jumping ability. Physical activity in any case develops the leg muscles and strengthens the arch of the foot.​

• ​ - is drawn from the point of contact of the 1st line with the calcaneal tubercle to the lower point of the joint space of the scaphoid-sphenoid joint;
• ​When walking in stiletto heels, the load is redistributed: from the heel it moves to the area of ​​the transverse arch, which cannot support it and becomes deformed, which is why transverse flat feet occur.​
• ​Parquet, laminates, and other hard surfaces are aggressive for the foot, including thick soles, in which the muscles and ligaments of the foot do not work. Everyone knows that idle muscles atrophy. The pioneers of space, returning to their native land, could not walk (the long-term stay in weightlessness affected them). I had to load the muscles and ligaments in space using simulators.​

​Walking on the sand barefoot.​

what shoes are best to wear if you have FLAT FOOT? and does it need to be changed daily?

​When compiling a complex for patients with flat feet, the doctor usually uses basic exercises for abduction - adduction, flexion - extension, sliding, performing various movements with the foot. All these exercises help strengthen the arches of the feet and maintain the tone of the muscles of the feet.​

​When examining the foot, one notices its expansion and flattening. The thumb is deviated outward. A “bone” forms on the big toe; the second and third toes are hammer-shaped.​
​I have had flat feet all my life and wear regular shoes. , I don’t experience any problems
​Roll the rolling pin-bottle-tube with pressure
Arthrodesis is an operation whose purpose is to fix bones to ligaments and muscles. After the operation, it is recommended to wear special insoles - orthotics, which help fix the foot in the desired position.​
​1 - normal foot. 2 - “hollow” foot (longitudinal arch is too high). 3 - valgus foot (longitudinal arch is flattened). 4 - flattened foot (longitudinal and transverse arches are flattened). 5 - flat-valgus foot (longitudinal and transverse arches are absent).​
​ ​
​Third line​
​The main symptoms of longitudinal flatfoot are pain in the foot, changes in its outline.​
Likewise, the arches of the feet become lazy and sag without load: flat feet are acquired for the rest of your life. However, two years ago we were approached by a young man who wanted to become an officer, like his father, but did not pass the medical examination due to flat feet. Eight months of hard work with the muscles and ligaments of the foot - and he became a cadet at a higher military institution.​
​They start training with five to six exercises, and after ten days they begin to add one exercise at a time. The entire session should take about 20 minutes. For the best effect, you should perform gymnastics twice a day.​
To relieve tension from the muscles of the feet, use baths with decoctions of linden, chamomile, plantain or sea salt, as well as aromatic oils (lavender, rose). The water temperature should not exceed 37 degrees.​
​Additional signs:​
​T&P​
​And not only along, but also across!​
​Tendon transposition (plasty of a deformed tendon with a healthy portion of the tendon).​
​Before correcting flat feet in an adult, the doctor must determine the type, shape and degree of the disease. In what cases should flat feet be treated? Doctors' opinions on this matter differ somewhat. Some believe that it is necessary to treat the disease, while others express the opinion that without complaints from the patient, no therapeutic measures can be carried out. Which one is right? This issue can be understood if you approach it logically.​
​Walking on uneven surfaces.​
​ - drawn from the point of contact of the 1st line with the head of the 1st metatarsal bone to the same point as the second line.​
The diagnosis of “flat feet” is made on the basis of “X-ray” of the feet in 2 projections with a load (standing). A preliminary diagnosis of flat feet can be made by an orthopedist based on a physical examination. The correct location of the anatomical landmarks of the foot and ankle joint, the range of motion and angles of deviation of the foot, the reaction of the arches and muscles to the load, gait features, and shoe wear characteristics are determined.
​According to the literature, 65% or more of children acquire flat feet by school age. Considering that in most Russian cities there are no podiatrists, then full-fledged correction of flat feet is simply not available to the population. This means that more than 65% of the child population enters adulthood with developing flat feet, and subsequently (for grandmothers) with “berries” in the form of bumps on their feet.​
​In addition, it is useful for both adults and children to mix mud with their bare feet and walk through puddles barefoot on a warm summer day after rain.​
​To prevent flat feet and for minor foot deformities, special inlays and insoles are used. They are sold in specialized stores or made to order. In advanced cases, orthopedic shoes are prescribed, which are always made strictly individually, to order. These shoes are made from high-quality materials and help your feet get used to the correct position.​
​Legs get tired quickly after active activities or after work involving prolonged standing.​
​If you are at work all day, then special shoes are sold in orthopedic stores, and on the street you can buy insoles for ordinary shoes there, the consultant will select
​Massage mat (trampling)​

​Physiotherapy treatments that strengthen ligaments and muscles well, help maintain mobility in the legs and other joints of the body.​

​Judge for yourself, because the development of flat feet leads to a change in the biomechanics of foot movement, which, in turn, causes a redistribution of the load in the legs and increased tension in the musculo-ligamentous apparatus. Overstrain in the joints of the legs can cause complications such as hallux valgus (bunions in the feet), arthrosis of the knee and hip joints, spinal scoliosis and osteochondrosis.​

​Exercises are performed barefoot, each 8-12 times.​

​Normally, the angle of the longitudinal arch of the foot is 125-130°, the height of the arch is >35 mm.​

​For the purpose of medical examination of flat feet, X-rays of both feet in frontal and lateral projections taken under load (the patient is standing) are of decisive importance.

​And the fact is that wearing someone else’s shoes leads to worsening of the disease. Worn out someone else's shoes incorrectly distribute the load on the foot. It turns out that when we give shoes, we do a disservice. Children's shoes should have a small heel, a hard heel and a spring instep support - a kind of “stones” and “bumps” under the feet.​

​If conservative measures are ineffective, usually in adulthood, corrective foot surgery is performed to eliminate flat feet.​

​by evening the legs swell, become “heavy” and hurt.​

Flat feet is one of the orthopedic ailments in which the foot becomes flattened, and in some cases it becomes completely flat. Upon visual inspection, you can notice that the person’s sole is in complete contact with the surface on which he is standing. In medical terminology, flat feet is a change in the shape of the foot in its transverse or longitudinal arch.

Clinical picture

The patient cannot always determine the development of the disease at an early stage, since in most cases its manifestations are similar to ordinary leg fatigue after a long walk. This is the insidiousness of the disease. Only after a certain period of time, when the pain spreads higher to the back and begins to progress, does a person consult a doctor.

When flat feet occur, treatment in adults is much more difficult than in children. And if you completely ignore treatment procedures and prevention, the disease can lead to wear and tear of the musculoskeletal system.

Although it is impossible to completely correct foot pathology, nevertheless, no matter what type of flatfoot there is, treatment in adults, if started on time, has positive results.

Therapeutic measures: main components

Since the main reason for the development of pathology is the weakening and uneven distribution of muscle mass in the joints, the purpose of medical prescriptions is to strengthen the muscles and ligaments of the foot.

Regardless of whether longitudinal or transverse flatfoot, treatment should be carried out comprehensively in order to protect the body, in particular the spine.

There are two types of treatment:

When there is transverse flatfoot, conservative treatment is prescribed whenever possible. Traditionally, these include various special gymnastic exercises, the use of individual orthopedic insoles, massage procedures and much more. A positive effect is achieved only if the disease does not progress much and has not entered stage 3.

The third stage is characterized by obvious deformations of the entire arch of the foot, therefore, if such flat feet are diagnosed, treatment in adults requires surgical intervention. During the operation, ligaments are trimmed, fingers are straightened, and a number of other manipulations are performed.

Physiotherapy

Exercise therapy is indicated not only for patients during the rehabilitation period after surgery, but also for therapeutic purposes in the early stages of the development of the disease, as well as for preventive purposes for both adults and children.

When flat feet occur, treatment in adults with the help of physical therapy can relax muscle tone, strengthen ligaments and thereby stop the development of the disease in the future.

Exercise therapy classes should be carried out daily for 15-20 minutes. A special set of exercises, which will be selected by a medical specialist, will train the muscles of the lower leg and the arch of the foot.

Massage for flat feet

Among all the therapeutic methods and means of prevention, foot massage can be performed automatically. This advantage allows you not to devote time to this process, not to spend money on private massage therapists, but to do it yourself. What does that require?

It is enough to purchase one or several massage surfaces. Such products can be placed in different places in the apartment, for example, near a chair, next to a workplace, etc.

The mat for flat feet has a lot of useful features:

1. As a result of walking on it, the reflexogenic zones of the entire arch of the foot are stimulated.
2. Convenient to use. It is easy to roll, wash and store.
3. Allows you to restore a rhythmic walking cycle.
4. Strengthens the muscular system.
5. Activates metabolic processes in the body.
6. Eliminates swelling in soft tissues with flat feet.
7. Relieves pain in the legs, relieves cramps.
8. Increases immunity and overall body tone.
9. Relieves stress and strengthens the immune system.

Together with therapeutic exercises, physiotherapy and other methods, a foot massage mat can speed up the recovery of adult patients.

Surgical treatment of flat feet

For patients who have flat feet, surgery is performed in an innovative way - foot correction using an implant. At the site of surgical intervention, a mini-incision 1-1.5 cm long is made, where an artificial liner is placed, which further contributes to the partial restoration of the anatomical structure of the heel bones. The arch of the foot is also corrected to normal.

The timing of the operation depends on the degree of deformation of the fingers and the severity of the disease. On average, surgical procedures last about 30 minutes. This innovative treatment method allows the patient to be discharged within 2-3 days. Patients return home in a plaster cast and without crutches. After removing the fixator, the patient is recommended to put moderate load on the operated leg.

Arch supports and orthopedic insoles for flat feet

A person needs shoes from the moment he begins to take his first steps; in the modern world there is no way to do without them. And it is this that largely influences the development of foot pathologies in many patients.

To reduce its negative impact, doctors have developed arch supports and orthopedic insoles. With flat feet, these products to some extent help create the correct anatomical position of the foot, correct shock-absorbing functions, as a result of which the leg muscles do not get so tired, and the destruction of the heel bones and finger joints is stopped.

Shoe selection

Comprehensive treatment of orthopedic diseases includes choosing the right shoes. Orthopedists always, without exception, suggest purchasing soft leather shoes. Moreover, the heel should be no more than 2 cm.

Sports shoe lovers should give preference only to high-quality sneakers. Unfortunately, the female half will have to give up stiletto heels and high platforms, since there is a high probability that they will only aggravate the problem.

The principles for choosing shoes are quite simple:

1. Do not purchase shoes made from synthetic materials.
2. It should be slightly roomy with a wide toe.
3. It is desirable that the sole be made of natural material and have flexibility.

These rules for choosing shoes are also suitable for those people who do not suffer from flat feet.

Orthopedic shoes for flat feet

Depending on the degree of the disease, orthopedic shoes are manufactured for each patient according to indications individually at medical device factories. Unlike ordinary boots, it significantly alleviates pain in the feet, helps, if necessary, to compensate for the shortening of the legs, serves as a good support area, and stops the processes of deformation of bones and joints.

Just ten years ago, orthopedic shoes were ordinary ankle boots. Now it is difficult to distinguish it from ordinary models, and besides, it is possible to sew the upper part of the shoe to order at the same orthopedic factory. To do this, it is enough to make plaster casts of the feet and offer your own modeling option.

When parents first hear from a doctor that their children have flat feet, they react differently. The former shrug it off, knowing about the prevalence of the disease among the population, while the latter begin to panic and begin to look for methods of drug treatment.

Confidence in success and peace of mind are the key to a positive treatment outcome

Early diagnosis will ensure a complete cure or reduce the risks of the disease to a harmless minimum. A baby who has inherited a flat foot shape finds it possible to correct the situation in the first year of life. You will need a clear daily routine, daily massage, treatment, gymnastics, and maintaining body hygiene. When your legs are strong enough to walk, you will need to choose the right “therapeutic” shoes. It is useful to often remain barefoot, mainly on surfaces with tubercles; children's feet will have room for self-development.

How to choose children's shoes

Mothers buy colorful sandals, boots, and sneakers for babies, focusing on appearance. It is not recommended to forget the direct purpose of shoes, which is dictated by the characteristics of a child’s foot - treatment.

The material chosen for children's shoes is genuine leather, the back part is slightly higher and reinforced to the required hardness. The heel contacts a moderately stiff inner liner. The presence of an arch support is required, of a generally accepted shape or made to special order, taking into account the individual characteristics of the structure of the child’s foot and medical indications.

It is better to choose children's models with square, stable heels, no higher than 1 cm. Fasteners, straps, lacing become important. They are designed to hold the ankle joints in the correct position, fixing and preventing twisting. Children's bodies are just developing. You cannot overdo it when buying children's shoes, so as not to cause harm by forcibly sending the development of the feet in the wrong direction. Children don't need to look super fashionable and pose on catwalks. The main thing is that the legs run quickly without stopping because of pain.

What to wear for adults

The right decision about choosing shoes for flat feet is extremely important in the presence of tangible stresses of adult life. Standing work, forced long-term standing on your feet, walking, long-distance running - a complex of factors that force you to take serious care of the comfort of your limbs. Orthopedists strongly recommend refusing:

• From high heels;
• Tight or spacious examples of the shoe industry;
• Too soft materials in moccasins, boots, slippers;
• Perfectly smooth pads;
• Options with a jumping or dangling heel.

It is forbidden to wear soft slippers on hiking trips if the degree of flat feet is clearly expressed. Fatigue will set in an hour and a half after the start of the journey. In such cases, it is more convenient for men to wear sneakers with sides; children will need boots.

It is better to postpone the purchase of new things until the second half of the day. The leg swells a little in the evening, the size increases. This preserves the chances of not making a mistake.

What to wear for men in everyday life and in military service

It is possible to adapt any type of army boots to the feet with slight deviations from the norm. Men are demanding of comfort and do not like lengthy preparations. An instep height corrector is placed under the main factory insole. It presses firmly under the weight of heel pressure and does not slide forward or to the sides. The task of the “assistant” is to make the shock absorption high-quality, to prevent the appearance of signs of fatigue and pain in the bones. Men's pride will not suffer at all.

Variety or same type of special shoes

Factory production is trying to solve problems correctly and help people with flat feet. Stores offer a wide range of shoes, sandals, boots and even slippers with a preventive effect. Wearing orthopedic shoes for flat feet in the initial stage often helps the complete disappearance of the disease, otherwise - a noticeable decrease in the pain threshold.

Selling batches in an open retail network makes such accessories accessible to many. But a consultation with orthopedists, at least an initial one, is highly desirable. You must place an order for insoles along with your purchase. The devices will double the effectiveness of treatment and speed up the adaptation process. This innovation is especially convenient for men who wear closed models most of the year.

Deformation with a large degree of deviation requires the work of a master. He makes a cast of the foot from plaster, conveying the features of the shape, and uses the finished sketch to make a special pair. Children are offered breathable, environmentally friendly materials. Today, special pairs do not differ in appearance from the usual ones and are able to compete in the market, thanks to the rapid improvement of medical technologies.

Selection criteria

If you decide to wear orthopedic boots, boots, or special slippers, information about the recommendations will not be superfluous. Important Requirements:

1. The heel is low (3-5 cm for adult men and women), wide (up to 1/3 of the entire length), stable.
2. The sole is durable, flexible, and can bend. Medium thickness (not wedge).
3. The upper is natural, breathable, without synthetic inserts.
4. With transverse flat feet, the heel deviates; the best fixation will be a solid heel and the absence of thin straps that can easily tear during movement.
5. Fasteners - laces, more practical than zippers. They pack the foot tightly, preventing unnecessary vibrations.
6. Summer options are ankle-high, winter ones end above it.
7. The internal seams are not wide, soft, without hard thickenings.

Men and women with longitudinal flat feet consider many insoles combinations.

Types of inserts and rules of use

Preventing a disease is much easier than treating or eliminating its consequences. The use of arch support insoles by patients can eliminate both types of consequences. Surgeons, gynecologists, and neurologists advise women who adore high-heeled boots to use small tricks. Arch supports are useful for obese people, workers in workshops with long shifts where there is a need to stand or walk. Pregnant women with multiple pregnancies, children undergoing post-traumatic rehabilitation, men serving in the army and having a restrictive diagnosis cannot do without insoles.

The main function is to maintain the longitudinal and transverse arches. Ensuring proper blood circulation in conditions of increased or uneven foot load.

Types of liners, production features

Arch supports come in several configurations.

• Full - they occupy the foot and do not need fastening, they simply spread out inside.
• Half insoles - from the middle to the toe.
• Inserts. Glued with tape.

Products are selected in accordance with needs, purposes, and established diagnosis. The wrong choice promises problems, discomfort, chafing, blisters. The longitudinal instep support is placed in a clearly designated place. The selection is made according to the size of the feet, not the shoes. A similar rule applies to the combined option. Transverse specimens allow variations. The position of the pad is important here.

Particularly popular among women and fashionable men are the diameters for open sandals. They close with the foot and become invisible. Literacy and awareness in this matter will help you enjoy the benefits of civilization without feeling any restrictions. It makes no difference whether you wear slippers or ankle boots, the shoes are in perfect contact with the foot, using similar products.

Care, drying, cleaning

Leather products require close attention, shoes for flat feet and auxiliary items require wet cleaning. Excessive sweating provokes the proliferation of bacteria and microorganisms; careful hygiene and treatment with special products will extend the life of shoes.

The health of children projects the characteristics of well-being in adulthood, and it should be taken care of from infancy in order to lead an active lifestyle in old age.

In contact with

Flat feet are a pathological transformation of the foot, characterized by the loss of its arches of shock-absorbing properties and leading to severe disorders of the musculoskeletal system.

The effect of shoes on flat feet

Shoes are of great importance for the treatment of flat feet. The formation of a defective arch occurs due to improper load distribution. A high heel causes the center of gravity to shift to the toes and provides little support, causing the arches of the feet to flatten, the gait to change, pain to appear, and deformation of the foot to occur.

Tight and narrow shoes (boots) or high heels for flat feet lead to loss of joint mobility and contribute to the formation of an ingrown toenail. The result of constant compression is edema and swelling that develops due to impaired blood circulation and lymph flow.

To prevent the problem of flattened arches, you need to take care of choosing the right shoes.

It should be comfortable and also have:

• composition made of genuine leather (including the sole part);
• heel (medium height), soft sole;
• hard, stiff back;
• right size.

Shoes for flat feet: selection criteria

Wearing the right shoes is one of the methods of prevention and treatment of this pathology. You need to choose shoes based on the stage of development of the disease.

There are 3 degrees of flat feet:

• I (arch angles – 131-140 degrees);
• II (similar parameters increase to 155 degrees);
• III (external changes in the limb become noticeable).

Depending on the complexity of the disorders, shoes for flat feet should have:

• small instep, hard heel, flexible sole (at the first stage);
• Additionally, the shape of the toe (round or square) and the height of the heel (up to 4 centimeters) are taken into account; it is possible to use boots, shoes with laces (on the second).

With the last degree of foot deformation, shoes are made to order, taking into account individual characteristics and only after consultation with an orthopedist.

If there is pathology of the feet (at any level of severity), then instep supports are used (overhead metal or plastic parts that are attached to the insoles and contribute to the formation of the anatomical shape of the foot).

Pathological changes in the limb in the first two stages of the disease are amenable to orthopedic correction; in the latter, the only treatment option is surgery.

What should you not wear if you have flat feet?

In adults with flat feet, there are contraindications to shoes with heels, with or without soft backs (flip-flops). They will not be able to support the foot and will cause the disease to progress. You cannot wear hard shoes with hard soles, models with wedges or low platforms, as well as options with sharp narrow toes that are uncomfortable or tight.

Features of choosing shoes

For women

Representatives of the fairer sex, when making a purchase in a shoe store, should consider:

• heel height (not higher than 4 cm);
• width (avoid models that are too spacious or tight);
• material of manufacture (do not buy too soft specimens);
• block (do not give preference to a perfectly flat one);
• degree of fixation of the heel area (the heel must be fixed).

For men

For children

It is difficult to determine flat feet in young patients.

The reason for this is active growth and development, during which modification of the limbs and restructuring of the skeleton occurs. At this time, it is advisable to take measures aimed at preventing pathology. It includes:

• climbing rope ladders;
• walking on uneven surfaces, gravel, pebbles;
• walking barefoot on grass, sand.

When choosing shoes for flat feet for children, you need to take into account the following:

• Initially, it is useful for the baby to walk without shoes, then you need to choose shoes with a leather top and laces (Velcro);
• the sole should be soft and easily bendable;
• if there is a heel, then it must be stable and not exceed 5 cm (with a thickness of 2 centimeters);
• shoes should not have internal seams (there is a risk of injury);
• sneakers must be equipped with special insoles. Such shoes cannot be worn constantly: they trample the limb and contribute to gradual deformation of the foot.

When looking for a children's option, you need to choose comfortable, tight-fitting models with a wide toe.

Orthopedic shoes

Indications for use:

• flat feet;
• clubfoot;
• curvature of fingers;
• unequal foot sizes;
• stumps;
• hollow and calcaneal foot;
• vascular diseases;
• prosthesis (or orthopedic device).

For flat feet, orthopedic shoes are used at the beginning of the development of the disease and are intended to relieve pain and correct unstable deformities of the arches.

Before making special shoes or boots, a cast of the foot is taken: shoes are made taking into account the individual characteristics of the limbs after a doctor’s conclusion. Boots should be light, durable, elastic, and not subject to change during wear. If there is deformation of the toes, the shoes are additionally equipped with inlays-instep supports.

Corrective models

Corrective shoes are designed to correct varus and valgus deformities (with the former, the shins look like a semicircle, which is why the knees develop disproportionately, with the latter, the outlines of the feet, placed together, resemble a cruciform shape).

The peculiarities of orthopedic boot models are that they have an elongated, dense heel (it firmly fixes the foot in a vertical position), as well as hard outer and inner parts. In such shoes the ankle is closed, the leg takes an anatomically correct shape.

Corrective shoe models are prescribed for use by children in order to correct orthopedic disorders in the initial stages of development. They do not provide for the presence of insoles (the latter are selected individually, based on the severity of the pathology).

Inserts and liners

For flat feet, as well as for its prevention (for pregnant women, people whose work involves standing for long periods of time, women wearing high-heeled shoes), it is recommended to use orthopedic insoles.

Thanks to their curved shape, they support the longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot, reduce the load on the spine, and promote normal blood circulation in the legs. When using arch supports, the ankle ligament performs its function correctly.

Insoles (mass-produced or custom-made) are recommended for rehabilitation after injuries to the lower extremities, and for varicose veins of the legs.

Arch supports are divided into:

• longitudinal, transverse and combined (based on corrective features);
• insoles (designed for a full foot), half-insoles (cover half a foot), liners (they need to be glued to the inside of the sole in open shoe models);
• preventive (used to prevent disease) and therapeutic (aimed at correction and reduction of pain).

Care, drying, cleaning

Orthopedic shoes are made of leather. It should be looked after properly. It is allowed to air and wipe with a damp cloth, but do not wash or treat with antibacterial sprays. The same applies to insoles. Silicone inserts and earbuds can be rinsed in warm water (with added detergent).

Properly selected shoes are an important factor that affects the health of the feet, prevents flat feet, and promotes rehabilitation after an injury or surgery. Its use helps prevent the development of the disease, and in the initial stages of the pathology helps correct the deformed limb.

An orthopedic specialist will help you decide what shoes to wear for flat feet in adults and children and make an informed choice.

Flat feet is a pathological change in the shape of the foot, in which its arches become flattened and lose their shock-absorbing properties. In the future, this can lead not only to pain in the foot and lower leg when walking, but also to severe dysfunction of the entire musculoskeletal system.

The use of orthopedic shoes for flat feet allows you to stop the destructive transformation of the foot, and in the early stages completely eliminates the unpleasant manifestations of this disease.

Rules for choosing shoes

If the arch of the foot is not formed correctly, then every movement without proper shock absorption is accompanied by a series of blows to the entire musculoskeletal system. The wear and tear of bones increases, and joint diseases can appear already in youth.

Everyone should know the rules for choosing casual shoes. This will prevent the appearance of flat feet or stop the process at an early stage.

1. Try to choose models made from natural raw materials - leather, suede, nubuck, etc.
2. When making soles, only elastic materials are allowed. Models with such a sole easily bend in half and return to their original position without leaving dents or creases.
3. The heel height of everyday shoes should not exceed 4–5 cm. Completely flat soles (for example, ballet shoes) also provoke flat feet. According to orthopedists, the optimal heel height is 2.5 centimeters. The heel area should occupy at least one third of the sole.
4. It is imperative to have a solid heel that tightly secures the heel and does not allow it to move.
5. The toe should not be too narrow. The best option is a wide square or round toe that moderately fits the leg and does not restrict movement.
6. To stop the development of flat feet, you should wear special models with insoles and arch supports. Already at the first degree of the disease (both with transverse and longitudinal flatfoot), wearing orthopedic shoes is mandatory.
7. It is advisable to choose models with laces or Velcro, which allow you to accurately fix the correct position of the foot.
8. Internal seams are not allowed.

With the third degree of foot deformity, orthopedic products are manufactured as prescribed by a doctor - only to order, taking into account individual characteristics.

To prevent flat feet (in people whose work involves standing for long periods of time, in pregnant women, etc.), it is recommended to use special ones. Thanks to their curved shape, they support the longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot in the correct position, promote the correct functioning of the ankle ligament and normal blood circulation in the legs, and reduce the load on the spine.

Properly selected therapeutic shoes have the greatest healing effect at the beginning of the development of the disease, when it is still possible to correct unstable deformations of the arches and completely eliminate pain.

Orthopedic shoes for women

Many women consider flat feet to be a death sentence that blocks the path to wearing fashionable shoes. This opinion is wrong. The newest medical shoe models are almost impossible to distinguish from ordinary everyday shoes.

But restrictions still exist. If you have already been diagnosed with first-degree flatfoot, then you will have to abandon some models that cause foot deformation.

What and why should be excluded from your wardrobe:

1. Shoes with high heels contribute to uneven weight distribution, which increases the load on the transverse arch. As a result, flat feet, hallux valgus (bump on the big toe) and pathologies of the toes develop.
2. Skinny models that cause no less harm than high-heeled shoes. Full work of the ligaments is impossible, which provokes the appearance of flat feet. In addition, wearing tight shoes leads to degenerative deformation of the toes.
3. Platform and wedge models. Wearing such shoes all the time is harmful. Due to the lack of stability and full shock absorption, the legs become overstrained and get tired quickly.
4. Mules (flip-flops, clogs, etc.). The heel must be fixed.

When choosing casual shoes, you should give preference to models with a stable small heel and a tight heel. In such shoes, your feet will not get tired and swell. The shape of the foot is not disturbed. There is no load on the spine.

For flat feet of the second and third degree, orthopedic products are manufactured individually as prescribed by the doctor. You shouldn't be afraid of therapeutic shoes. The latest models are distinguished not only by convenience, but also by beauty and elegance.

Products for men

In men, flat feet are diagnosed much more often than in women. This is explained by some anatomical features (larger, denser and more powerful bones) and a greater load on the foot, since men are heavier.

Most often, men suffering from foot pathology are interested in the question of whether it is possible to wear sneakers if they have flat feet. There are orthopedic models of sports shoes with corrective insoles, arch supports, special inserts and instep height correctors, which are indicated for the first degree of the disease. It should be remembered that even such models are not advisable to wear for more than 3-4 hours at a time.

If you have already been diagnosed with second degree flat feet, then it is better to give preference to orthopedic shoes and boots made of genuine leather. For third degree flat feet, therapeutic shoes are made only to order.

Therapeutic shoes are made from natural materials, so they need to be properly cared for. It should not be washed or machine washed - it can only be wiped with a damp cloth. Do not use antibacterial sprays. Special inserts and liners made of silicone can be rinsed with warm water and detergent.

Children's shoes

When choosing shoes for children, parents most often focus on their appearance, giving preference to bright and original models, while the main criterion when choosing should be their convenience and safety.

It is quite difficult to independently diagnose flat feet in a child, especially before five or six years of age. Many parents mistake the flat feet characteristic of young children for flat feet. This is a normal phenomenon that occurs during the formation of the foot.

If you have any doubts, immediately contact an orthopedist or surgeon, since in the future flat feet can cause the development of scoliosis, provoke curvature of the legs and other associated deformities.

When a child is just starting to take his first steps, he should be allowed to walk barefoot as much as possible. A child's first shoes should be made only from natural materials, with soft, easily bendable soles. It is necessary that the toes of the boots (booties) are loose and do not squeeze the child’s fingers, and that the heel part is strengthened to the required rigidity.

Boots should fit tightly around the foot and securely secure the foot with fasteners (laces, Velcro). It is necessary to have a small heel - no more than 2.5 cm. You should also make sure that there are no internal seams that could injure the child’s foot.

Sneakers can be used for everyday sports. It is desirable that there are mesh inserts in their upper part to ensure air circulation. You should not allow your child to wear sportswear all day. There are also special orthopedic models of children's sneakers with removable insoles and instep supports. But even in them you should not stay more than 3-4 hours a day.

If the child has already been diagnosed with flat feet, only a doctor should select special models. These can be ready-made or custom-made. Children's flat feet can be easily corrected until they are completely cured, so it is important not to waste time.