Eye protection at work. Personal protective equipment for the face Personal protective equipment for the face

Eye and face protection is designed to protect against exposure to solid particles, liquid and molten metal splashes, dust, corrosive gases and various types radiation.

Structurally, they can be made in the form of glasses, shields or masks of various designs, provided with colorless glass or special light filters of different brands.

What are the types of glasses and their purposes according to the standards?

Types of safety glasses and their purpose:

B - open safety glasses without a light filter (colorless glass) protect the eyes from the front and sides from solid particles, and with a light filter - from the front and sides from the blinding brightness of visible radiation and infrared radiation, radio waves.

OD-double open safety glasses with and without light filters. Application similar to type A glasses.

ZP - closed safety glasses with direct ventilation, with clear glass, protect from the front, sides, top and bottom from solid particles, and with a light filter - from the front, sides, top and bottom from the blinding brightness of visible radiation.

ZPd - double closed safety glasses with direct ventilation. The protective properties and their purpose are similar to glasses of the ZP type.

ZN - closed safety glasses with indirect ventilation. Without a light filter, they protect the front, sides, top and bottom from dust, splashes of non-liquid liquids when combined with solid particles. Glasses with light filters protect against ultraviolet radiation, radio waves, dust and particulate matter.

G-sealed safety glasses. Without a light filter (with colorless glass), they protect the front and sides, top and bottom from caustic gases, liquids when combined with dust and solid particles. When equipped with a light filter, they are protected from ultraviolet radiation, the blinding brightness of visible radiation, infrared radiation and when combined with caustic gases and liquids.

DG - double sealed goggles. Their purpose is similar to the purpose of type G glasses.

L - protective lorgnette. It is equipped only with a light filter and protects against the blinding brightness of visible and infrared radiation (during short-term operation).

K - visor protective device, which has a light filter that protects against the blinding brightness of visible and infrared radiation (when working in a headgear).

N - clip-on safety glasses. Without a light filter, they protect from solid particles, with a light filter - from the blinding brightness of visible radiation.

How are glasses brands deciphered?

Safety glasses are produced in accordance with GOST 12.4.003-80 and GOST 12.4.013-85 of various brands and purposes.

To order and use glasses, you must correctly determine the symbols. For example, glasses 02 - U76 (GOST 12.4.013-85) means: O - open glasses; 2 - model; 76 - center distance; B - with reinforced glass.

If it is necessary to protect the eyes of workers wearing corrective glasses, use clip-on safety glasses with clear lenses or filter glasses. They are marked with the letter "H".

What are the requirements for all types of glasses?

To ensure the necessary effectiveness in protecting the eyes for all types of glasses, the following requirements are imposed:

spectacle glass sizes;

center distance mind;

total light transmission, which depends on the fogging of the spectacle glass;

The materials used to make glasses frames, glass, and fixing devices must be harmless to health. In addition, requirements are imposed on the impact strength of glasses. Glasses with single-layer glasses must withstand single impacts with a kinetic energy of at least 0.6 J, and safety glasses with clear three-layer safety glasses must withstand impacts with a kinetic energy of at least 1.2 J. Safety glasses also have pylon-proof requirements.

In addition to these general requirements, there are special requirements for some types of glasses. For example, glasses intended for protection against microwave radiation (ORZ-5 glasses) are subject to requirements for the specific surface resistance of the metallized glass layer.

What glasses can be used for construction workers?

ZP1-80 - safety glasses with direct ventilation, protect the eyes on the sides, top and bottom from solid particles. Recommended for tractor drivers, machinists (their assistants), and repairmen.

ZP2-80 - glasses with indirect ventilation, have solid organic glass, non-main device. Recommended for tractor drivers and their assistants, electricians at pumping stations, loaders of dust-generating loads, generator operators, pumpers of waste and drainage water to irrigation fields.

OPZ-80 - glasses are designed to protect the eyes from small solid particles when working with sand, cement and other materials, as well as from splashes of liquids. Recommended for tractor drivers, machine operators, loaders of powdered goods, boiler plant operators, workers slaking lime and preparing lime mortar.

ZN4-72 - closed safety glasses with a ventilation valve and elastic headband. Intended for machine operators, builders, machine operators.

ZN8-72 - glasses with indirect ventilation. Designed to protect eyes from dust, wind, small particles of solid materials, as well as splashes of non-aggressive liquids. Recommended for metalsmiths and tool sharpeners.

02-76,08-U76 and 03-76 - protective open ones of almost the same design, protect the eyes from solid particles, complete with light filters (B1, B2, VZ) of various densities. Designed for work in open areas in bright sunlight, for electric welding in workshops and open areas, and for gas welders.

Goggles ZN-8-72 with light filters G1, G2, GZ are used for protection against metal splashes and ultraviolet radiation when performing gas welding and electric welding work. Each filter is marked with a light transmittance value.

The glasses are equipped with light filters D1, D2, DZ are recommended for protection against splashes of molten metal, infrared radiation, and with light filters PI, P2, PO - for working with temperatures of 1200 - 1800 ° C.

OPZ-5 glasses with metallized glass are designed to protect the eyes from electromagnetic radiation. The inner surface of the glass has shielding coatings to protect against electromagnetic waves in the radio frequency range. Recommended for workers servicing high-frequency equipment and generators that have emissions in the meter and millimeter wave range.

What measures are available to protect the eyes and face at the same time?

For work that requires simultaneous protection of the eyes and face, protective shields are used.

To protective shields for various purposes refers to a set of requirements that recommend the dimensions, weight, light transmittance of the transparent elements of the shield, resistance to climatic factors, as well as requirements for their protective characteristics.

Thus, shields for electric welders must prevent the penetration of UV radiation into the shield, the body material must be resistant to sparks and splashes of molten metal, the surface of the head cap must be electrically insulated from its fastening parts.

Employees of enterprises in various industries, public utilities, construction and other fields of activity are often forced to work in conditions of high levels of harmful gases, vapors, aerosols and dust in the air, which, if they enter the body, negatively affect their health. It is important to find a supplier of quality products that can provide complete air filtration.

Vostok-Service offers a wide range of respirators to protect the respiratory system from various types of pollution!

They prevent harmful gases and chemical compounds, poisons, as well as biological pollutants and other types of impurities from entering the human body: metal (iron, lead, steel, cast iron, copper, etc.), mineral (emery, coal, glass, cement, lime; elements of fertilizers and pigments, etc.), plant (cotton, hemp, wood, flour, tobacco, sugar, etc.), animal (horn, wool, bone, down, etc.)

Range of respirators

Antiaerosol. Protect from harmful substances contained in the atmosphere in the form of smoke, dust or fog. They are used on construction sites, in mines and other objects with a high degree of dust.

Gas masks.Protect from gaseous pollutants. They are used at chemical industry facilities, workshops, etc. Products for protection against risk groups are marked in several colors. The color depends on what the PPE is used against: brown - from organic gases and vapors that boil at temperatures above +65°C, gray - from inorganic gases, in addition to carbon monoxide, yellow - from acidic ones, green - from ammonia and its derivatives.

Anti-gas and aerosol. They are equipped with two filters and protect against both gaseous and spray substances. They are used in places where the air is both dusty and chemically polluted, for example, in auto repair shops. Combined respirators are multi-colored: a white stripe indicates the presence of an anti-aerosol filter, and one or more colored stripes indicate a gas filter.

How does it work?

The respirator is a multi-layer filtering half mask with or without an exhalation valve, with a nose clip and a headband made of two fixing elastic bands. The principle of operation depends on the design. Models of the first type protect workers with the help of an electrostatic filter, which attracts aerosol particles, and models of the second and third - with the help of carbon, which has sorbing properties and protects against organic fumes, ozone, acids, alkalis, etc. RPE options with an exhalation valve create comfortable working conditions: it is easier to breathe in them due to the fact that condensation does not accumulate in the mask.

How to choose the right respirator?

To correctly select and purchase personal protective equipment (PPE), it is necessary to assess the risk of exposure to respiratory organs. The following factors are taken into account:

• the level of oxygen content in the air throughout the work;
• type of harmful substances present in the air;
• form of pollution: dust, steam, fog, fibers, smoke, microorganisms, gases, including radioactive ones;
• the degree of impact of pollution on the human body;
• maximum possible concentration of pollution;
• MAC norm or safe concentration level for polluting particles;
• the possibility of other dangerous situations associated with the ongoing technological process: sparking, splash of hazardous elements, fire, etc.

To personal care products eye and face protection include open and closed type glasses, protective face shields with a head mount, a helmet mount and with a handle, helmets and combined means that protect not only the eyes and face, but also the head, neck, and ears. One of the main human senses is vision, with the help of which he receives a large amount of information about the outside world. Good vision is necessary for almost all types of work.

Depending on the nature of production, the type of work performed and production factors affecting the eyes, damage is divided into mechanical injuries, chemical and thermal burns, as well as damage caused by changes in the optical range, microwave radio waves, etc. The largest and most diverse group consists of mechanical injury. They are light and heavy in nature. Light industrial injuries to the eyes that do not require hospitalization include: foreign bodies on the cornea and conjunctiva, traumatic erosions, abrasions in the cornea and conjunctiva, traumatic keratitis, minor burns (first degree), mild eye contusions (without intraocular changes), cuts and abrasions on the skin of the eyelids, electroophthalmia. Severe injuries that require hospitalization include: perforation wounds eyeball, burns of the cornea, conjunctiva and skin of the eyelids of the second and third degrees, severe contusions of the eye with damage to the membranes, displacement of the lens, avulsions and tears of the eyelids. Light eye injuries are caused by small foreign bodies - particles of scale, ash, graphite, grains of emery, small shavings, dust. Damaging factors that cause severe injuries to the eyeball are fragments flying off during metal processing, when cutting off workpieces, crushing stone, glass, etc. Along with mechanical damage, eye burns from chemicals are possible, which in turn are divided into two main groups: alkaline and acidic. Eye damage from alkali is always more dangerous than from acid. Acids attack eye tissue quickly and sharply, without spreading in depth or breadth. The alkali does not linger on the surface, but penetrates deep into the tissue, producing a destructive effect there. Thermal burns can also cause significant damage to the eye area. Factors of eye damage also include occupational radiation, which occurs during operations such as electric welding, gas welding, metal melting, glass production and other processes occurring during high temperatures with a significant release of radiant energy.

Requirements that must be met protective glasses, shields, spectacle glasses and others personal protective equipment for face and eyes, are conditionally divided into four main groups: general, protective, hygienic and operational. They are interconnected, interdependent on each other and constitute a common complex that determines the suitability of protective equipment for certain working conditions.

General requirements include the weight, dimensions, strength of the product, as well as the fire resistance of materials used for the manufacture of protective equipment. These properties characterize general state products.

Protective properties mean the effectiveness of protective equipment, their rationality and suitability for their intended purpose when used against various damaging factors. These include, first of all, reliability of protection, resistance to damaging factors, tightness, dust and gas tightness, resistance to impact, optical density of light filters and other requirements depending on the purpose of the product. Hygienic properties are the size of the visual fields, the degree of fogging of spectacle glasses, associated with the air exchange of the sublingual space and determining visual acuity; indifference of the materials used, as well as the optical properties of the materials, etc. Performance properties mean the “behavior” of personal protective equipment in production conditions: their resistance to environmental influences, service life, reliability of fastening of glass and other parts, quality of processing, condition of protective and decorative coatings, probability of failure-free operation of structural elements of detachable connections, markings, packing etc.

Protective glasses are manufactured in accordance with GOST 12.4.013-97, which applies to glasses designed to protect the eyes from solid particles, splashes of liquids, gases, vapors, aerosols, dust, ultraviolet and infrared radiation, and blinding brightness of light. The standard does not apply to glasses designed to protect against molten metal splashes, laser radiation, or radio waves.

Vision is a precious gift of nature itself to man. Through vision, we can fully appreciate and see the world around us. But with the influence of life factors on vision, it inevitably deteriorates and becomes worse. Thanks to special devices, vision is not only protected from solid objects, but also from the influence of various types of rays.

Eye protection in production is a necessary condition for safe work. Every year, due to safety violations, people lose their vision, partially or completely. Most workplace injuries occur due to a complete lack of personal protective equipment. Timely use of personal protective equipment is a measure to prevent the impact of production factors on humans. The main task of any protection is to reduce the level of harmful factors to minimum values. The personal eye protection system is not a reason for non-compliance with safety control of production processes.

Characteristics of safety glasses

The majority of eye injuries occur at work. When choosing safety glasses for work, you need to look at the quality of the product and the level of human protection. Eye protection goggles are selected depending on the nature of the work performed and the degree of danger. Main characteristics of industrial safety glasses:

1. Uniqueness. Each model is developed and implemented taking into account the prevention of all possible damaging factors.
2. Material. The design of the product is created only from high-quality and safe material for good vision protection.
3. Versatility. Industrial glasses can be used in conjunction with ordinary glasses, but at the same time they provide full protection and safety.
4. Protection against small parts. The material of the product provides high-quality protection against the entry of solid objects into the organs of vision.
5. Protection from chemically hazardous substances. In the presence of chemical fumes, the design of the eye protection system provides isolation from contact with an aggressive substance.
6. Dust protection. The design of safety glasses allows you to protect yourself from contact with fine dust and harmful elements in the air.
7. Light protection. Bright light and radiant energy negatively affect the eyes. Protective glasses against infrared radiation ensure safety when operating gas welding.

Types of goggles

1. O - open transparent protective glasses. Transparent safety glasses protect the eyes from all sides of the head, from solid particles and light.
2. OD - double transparent safety glasses, open type. The purpose and properties of this type are the same as for O.
3. ZP - safety glasses with direct ventilation outlet. They perform the function of preserving vision from all sides, from contact of particles of solid matter and direct light flux.
4. G - hermetic protection glasses. They perform the function of isolation from harmful gases, liquids and dust. When equipped with an additional device, they are protected from high intensity luminous flux and ultraviolet rays.
5. ZN - closed safety glasses with indirect ventilation. They perform the function of protection from the ingress of liquid substances, as well as from radiating waves.
6. GD - double sealed safety glasses.
7. K - a visor device that allows you to protect yourself from dazzling brightness and radiation.
8. H - mounted protection glasses. Keeps eyes safe from bright lights.

Types of goggles

Eye protection is used by workers in various fields of human activity. A wide variety of different types of eye protection glasses allow their use:

1. in welding work.
2. In assembly work.
3. 3. In carpentry.
4. 4.In finishing works.
5. 5.When exposed to heat.
6. 6. When exposed to chemicals.

Each type of safety glasses is subject to generally accepted requirements to ensure human vision safety:

1. Glass sizes.
2. Center-to-center distance of the eyes.
3. Light transmission.
4. Weight.

In cases where complete protection of the eyes and face is necessary, protective shields are used. Safety shields have good use in welding. Safety glasses for welders must comply with a set of safety requirements, recommendations for dimensions and light transmittance, as well as resistance to environmental climatic conditions.

The quality and suitability of the materials used are tested on safety glasses in the laboratory using special methods. In addition to the generally accepted requirements for specific types of safety glasses, more specific requirements are imposed.

For safe and long-term operation of safety glasses, it is necessary to regularly inspect and, if necessary, replace damaged parts with new ones. It is necessary to clean and disinfect glasses, observing the rules of personal hygiene and storage. Safety glasses in production - the simplest and easy way ensure the safety of vision and safety of production work.