Electromyostimulation prevents limb deformities. Treatment of osteochondrosis of the spine using myostimulation Indications for the use of myostimulation

Research Institute of Emergency Medicine. N.V. Sklifosovsky, Moscow

Increasing the efficiency of treatment of patients with chronic obliterating diseases of the arteries lower extremities remains an important issue. Along with drug treatment, there are non-pharmacological methods, such as training (dosed) walking. However, not all patients, especially IV degree, in the presence of trophic disorders in the affected limb, pain at rest, etc., training walking can be applied in full. As an alternative, a method has been proposed to stimulate the muscles of the lower extremities by means of electrical impulses. In this work, a preliminary study of the effectiveness of electrical impulse myostimulation in the complex treatment of obliterating atherosclerosis in patients with chronic ischemia lower limbs.
Keywords: obliterating atherosclerosis, training walking, electrical impulse myostimulation.

Electrical pulse muscle stimulation for complex treatment of obliterating atherosclerosis in lower limbs

I.P. Mikhailov, E.V. Kungurtsev, Yu.A. Vinogradova

N.V. Sklifosovsky SRI for Emergency Care, Moscow

Improvement of treatment for chronic obliterating diseases of lower limbs arteries belongs to current clinical issues. Besides medications, there are non-pharmacological methods such as training (dosage) walk. However, not in all patients, especially at the IV stage of the process, presenting trophic damages, pain at rest, and so on, walk training can be applied in full. As an alternative, electrical pulse muscle stimulation method was proposed. In this paper, a preliminary study of electrical miostimulation effectiveness for lower limb atherosclerotic lesions has been described.
keywords: obliterating atherosclerosis, training walk, electrical pulse muscle stimulation.

Introduction

Chronic arterial insufficiency of the lower extremities affects 2–3% of the population, among which 80–90% of obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries accounts for. Every year, this disease causes amputation of limbs in 35 thousand patients. The social significance of the problem of treating these patients is determined not only by the prevalence of this pathology, but also by a significant number of people of working age among these patients and their disability.

Treatment of patients with chronic ischemia of the lower extremities is largely determined by the existing risk factors for the onset and development of the disease. Insufficient physical activity is extremely important factor the risk of occurrence and progression of chronic obliterating diseases of the arteries of the lower extremities (HOZANK). Lack of physical activity exacerbates the disorder lipid spectrum blood and, accordingly, contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis. In addition, hypodynamia complicates the process of adaptation of impaired peripheral circulation - both microcirculation and macrohemodynamics - to a new hemodynamic situation.

Along with medical therapy, a non-pharmacological treatment approach may be promising. This, in particular, applies to the so-called "training (dosed) walking" (i.e., the work of the leg muscles) in case of damage to the arterial vessels of the lower extremities.

A training walking program is seen as a necessary part, especially on initial treatment patients with intermittent claudication. It consists in walking for 40–60 minutes 4–5 times a week at a speed of 4–5 km/h. This technique is aimed at the development of collateral vessels, as a result of which there is an improvement in blood supply in the ischemic tissues of the lower extremities. The use of training walking in clinical practice in patients receiving complex conservative therapy or as monotherapy improves clinical manifestations diseases (the possibility of walking increases), as well as micro- and macrohemodynamics.

It has been proven that during training walking the best results were obtained in patients with a predominant lesion of the femoral-popliteal and popliteal-tibial segments of the arterial bed.

Unfortunately, concomitant diseases, the presence of trophic disorders in the affected limb, pain syndrome do not allow it to be carried out in full in 50–70% of patients.

In this regard, attempts were made to find an alternative to "training walking" in the form of stimulation of the muscles of the lower extremities by means of electrical impulses, contralateral compression, etc.

Relevance

The role of stimulation of the calf muscles with an electrical impulse in enhancing venous outflow and preventing thromboembolic complications is known, but this procedure has not been widely used for the time being due to intensive painful sensations in patients during muscle contraction. The situation has changed with the advent of the portable device Veinoplus. The changing configuration of the electrical impulse made the procedure painless and eliminated the appearance of tetanic muscle contractions. When conducting a session of electrical impulse myostimulation (EIMS) with this device, the volumetric blood flow velocity, depending on the level and frequency of stimulation, increases by 12 times, and the peak linear blood flow velocity - by 10 times, while the volume of circulating blood in the limb increases by 7 times. To date, we have not found data on the effectiveness of the use of electrical impulse myostimulation technology in the treatment of patients with chronic arterial pathology of the lower extremities, which was the reason for conducting this study.

Material and methods

The results of complex treatment of 31 patients with varying degrees of chronic ischemia of the lower extremities, who were treated in the Department of Emergency Vascular Surgery of the Research Institute for Emergency Medicine named after N.N. N.V. Sklifosovsky from May to September 2012. All patients were diagnosed with concomitant diseases: coronary artery disease, hypertension, heart rhythm disturbances, etc. Diabetes Type 2 was diagnosed in 5 patients (3 women and 2 men), of which 1 person suffered from type 2 insulin-requiring diabetes. The mean age of patients aged 50 to 84 years was 64.3 years. There were 20 men and 11 women. All patients did not have concomitant venous pathology. Most of the patients were with chronic critical lower limb ischemia (22 patients (70.97%)), 10 (45.4%) of which had trophic disorders, the remaining 9 (29.03%) patients had chronic lower limb ischemia 2Bst . according to Fontaine-Pokrovsky.

The general principle of patient management included the diagnosis vascular pathology, expressiveness assessment pain syndrome, degree of ischemia, control and correction of glycemia, if necessary, selection of optimal surgical tactics, pharmacotherapy (rational vasodilating therapy, treatment of neuropathy and angiopathy, use of metabolic drugs), use of dressings and topical drugs in the presence of trophic ulcers, use additional methods treatment.

All patients underwent conservative vasodilating (trental) infusion, antiplatelet, cardiological and symptomatic therapy, correction of glucose levels. 17 patients were added sessions of hyperbaric oxygenation. In 13 patients, reconstructive surgeries were performed on the main arteries of the lower extremities.

At the same time, in the study group (21 people), electrical impulse stimulation of the muscles of the affected limb was also used with the Veinoplus arterial device: with the maximum disconnection of the limb from axial loads, “training walking” courses were carried out in bed.

An EIMS session lasting an average of 30 minutes and with individual selection of current strength was carried out during infusion angiotropic therapy (in order to improve the perfusion of drugs in the tissues of the extremities). The frequency of sessions ranged from 2 to 5 times a day. The technique consisted in applying two self-fixing electrodes to the skin of the posterior surface of the lower leg at the border of its upper and middle third, then the mode of the session of electrical impulse myostimulation was set. The strength of the electrical impulse was dosed individually, taking into account the patient's sensations, and amounted to 30–40 conventional units. After the instruction, the patients used the apparatus independently. In the presence of trophic changes in the area of ​​the proposed application of electrodes, the latter were displaced higher (upper third of the lower leg), or superimposed on the thigh along the anterior and posterior medial surfaces, thereby triggering the muscle pump of the thigh.

This technology should be used with caution in "parchment skin" in patients with systemic long-term hormone therapy for underlying diseases. There were no such patients in our study.

Contraindications for electrical impulse muscle stimulation were the presence of a pacemaker, embolism of the arteries of the lower extremities, acute thrombosis of the arteries of the lower extremities of embologenic etiology, an unsanitized focus in the foot, extensive necrosis of the foot and/or lower leg.

results

Stimulation of the musculo-venous pump of the leg was carried out using the apparatus Veinoplus arterial. The evaluation of the results was carried out on the 1st, 5th, 10th day from the beginning conservative therapy, then every 5 days (in patients after reconstructive surgery on the arteries of the affected limb). The total period of observation and evaluation of indicators was 11 days in patients who underwent only a course of conservative therapy, and 20 days in patients who received conservative treatment, supplemented by reconstructive surgery. The evaluation criterion was the degree of reduction of pain syndrome, increase in pain-free walking distance, reduction of edema of the lower leg and foot (in operated patients), and the size of trophic disorders.

In the comparison group, on the 1st day of conservative therapy, there was clinically some improvement in blood circulation in the affected limb. On the 5th day, patients noted a decrease in pain at rest and with minimal walking, an increase in the distance of pain-free walking by an average of 50 m. On the 10th day, 8 patients noted a positive effect: the absence of pain at rest in the affected limb - 3 patients, an increase painless walking distance up to 100 m - 6 patients; up to 200 m - 3 patients, up to 300 m - 1 patient, a decrease in the size of trophic disorders was noted in 1 patient. 8 patients from the comparison group underwent reconstructive surgery due to the insufficient effect of conservative therapy, the threat of developing ischemic gangrene of the lower limb (Fig. 1).

In 5 cases, femoral-popliteal prosthesis was performed; in 3 patients, endarterectomy was performed with plastic surgery of the arteriotomy opening with a synthetic patch.

In the study group, on the 1st day of the started conservative treatment with the simultaneous use of the apparatus, there were no visible differences with the comparison group. On the 5th day, 14 (66.6%) patients noted a decrease in pain when walking and at rest, an increase in the distance of pain-free walking by an average of 100 m. On the 10th day, 19 (90.48%) patients noted a positive effect: absence of pain at rest in the affected limb - 8 patients, increase in pain-free walking distance up to 300 m - 14 patients, up to 500 m - 5 patients, decrease in the size of trophic disorders - 5 patients. In two patients, the use of the device had to be discontinued due to poor tolerance of electrical impulse stimulation by the patients themselves. Reconstructive operations on the arteries of the lower extremities due to the insufficient effect of conservative treatment were performed in 5 patients (23.81%) (Fig. 2). 1 patient underwent femoral-popliteal prosthetics, 4 patients underwent endarterectomy with plasty of the arteriotomy opening with a synthetic patch).

In operated patients, the degree of reduction of leg and foot edema on the revascularized limb was assessed. It was noted that in the study group, in all 5 operated patients, the edema decreased on the 1st day by 40%, on the 5th day - by 50%, on the 10th day the edema was stopped, and no relapses of edema were detected. In the comparison group, on the 1st day, puffiness persisted, on the 5th day, puffiness decreased by 30%, on the 10th day, pastosity of the leg and foot persisted in 5 patients (Fig. 3).

conclusions

The obtained results of complex treatment of chronic ischemia of the lower extremities with the use of electrical impulse myostimulation can be considered encouraging. Improving venous outflow, electrical impulse myostimulation also enhances arterial blood flow, improving oxygen perfusion in the tissues of the foot and lower leg, as well as the local effectiveness of the applied medicines in the body - "target".

Against the background of the use of the technique of electrical impulse myostimulation in conjunction with drug treatment, a decrease in pain syndrome, an increase in the distance of pain-free walking, a rapid relief of edema in the operated limb, an improvement in hemodynamics in the area of ​​trophic disorders, and an improvement in tissue oxygenation were noted, which ultimately positively affects the overall results of complex treatment of patients. with obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities and, as a result, a decrease in the degree of ischemia.

Conclusion

In this work, we tried to evaluate the conservative treatment of patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities using electrical impulse myostimulation, to determine the category of patients for whom this technique is most effective. The apparatus for electrical impulse myostimulation should be used in the complex treatment of patients with chronic ischemia of the lower extremities, especially in patients with critical ischemia (III-IV degree according to Fontaine-Pokrovsky). The use of electromyostimulation using the Veinoplus device in the treatment of arterial pathology in patients with chronic ischemia enhances the effect of classical methods of therapy (vasodilating infusion therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy) and promotes faster formation of collaterals. The portability, simplicity and safety of the technology allows Veinoplus to be used in an outpatient setting. I would like to emphasize that positive results is possible only with the complex use of this technique and with an individual approach to the treatment of each patient. The use of electrical impulse myostimulation with the Veinoplus arterial device in patients with chronic arterial pathology of the lower extremities requires further clinical studies.

Literature

1. Obolensky V.N., Yanshin D.V., Isaev G.A., Plotnikov A.A. Chronic obliterating diseases of the arteries of the lower extremities - diagnosis and treatment tactics. breast cancer. 2010; 17:1049–1054.
2. Sinyakin K.I. Dynamic physical activity in complex therapy obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities: Ph.D. dis. cand. honey. Sciences. M.: 2009; 145.
3. Koshkin V.M., Dadova L.V., Kalashov P.B., Sinyakin K.I. Conservative treatment of chronic diseases of the arteries of the extremities. Abstracts of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference. Novokuznetsk, October 12–13, 2006; 120–121.
4. Koshkin V.M., Sinyaki O.D., Nastavsheva O.D. Training walking is one of the priority directions in the treatment of obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities. Angiology and vascular surgery. 2007; 2:110–112.
5. Leval B.Sh., Obolensky V.N., Nikitin V.G. The use of electrical impulse myostimulation in the complex treatment of patients with diabetic foot syndrome. Clinical trials of Veinoplus.
6. Sapelkin S.V., Volkov S.K. Experience in the use of myostimulation using the Veinoplus device in patients with angiodysplasia in early postoperative period. Clinical trials of Veinoplus.
7. Bogachev V.Yu., Golovanova O.V., Kuznetsova A.N., Shekoyan A.O. Electromuscular stimulation is a new method for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. Phlebology. 2010; 4:1:22–27.
8. Griffin M., Nicolaides A.N., Bond D., Geroulakos G., Kalodiki E. The efficacy of a new stimulation technology to increase venous flow and prevent venous stasis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2010; 40(6): 766–71.

With a question about the electromyostimulator device ...

Hello! My sister called yesterday and in a conversation with me advised me to purchase an electromyostimulator. He says that he helped her a lot in the lower back.

Doctor, please tell us - what is an electromyostimulator and what is electromyostimulation?

- Valentina Kabanova, Khabarovsk Territory

Hello Valentine!

What is electromyostimulation?

Electromyostimulation (myoneurostimulation, myostimulation) is a method of restorative treatment, which is based on electrical stimulation of muscles (myostimulation) and nerves (neurostimulation), carried out by transmitting current with specified characteristics from a myostimulator device to the human body through electrodes.

It is widely used for the rehabilitation of patients after injuries, as well as with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, with urinary incontinence () and feces (encopresis), in professional sports and cosmetology.

Electromyostimulation revealed an increase in the formation of collagen by fibroblasts, an increase in protein biosynthesis and DNA replication, an increase in the activity of protein kinases, which generally leads to an acceleration of tissue granulation and epithelialization.

I will briefly dwell on the concept - DNA replication - it is important to understand ...

Replication (from the Latin word replicatio - renewal) is the process of synthesis of a daughter molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid on the template of the parent DNA molecule. During the subsequent division of the mother cell, each daughter cell receives one copy of a DNA molecule that is identical to the DNA of the original mother cell. This process ensures the accurate transmission of genetic information from generation to generation. DNA replication is carried out by a complex enzyme complex, consisting of 15-20 different proteins, called the replisome.

Electromyostimulation maintains muscle contractility, enhances blood circulation and metabolic processes in tissues (in particular, in cartilage tissue, in the area of ​​articular bags, etc.), prevents the development of atrophy of muscles, cartilage, ligaments and joint contractures.

Conducted in the correct rhythm and at the appropriate current strength, electrical myostimulation creates a flow nerve impulses entering the centers of the spinal cord and brain (i.e., the central nervous system), which in turn has a positive effect on the restoration of muscle motor functions. Thanks to the use of electromyostimulators, muscles are strengthened, their tone and elasticity increase.

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation is successfully used in medical rehabilitation (especially after injuries associated with the destruction of bone, cartilage and muscle tissue) and as an addition to training at all levels.

The purpose of electrical muscle stimulation is to achieve muscle contraction or vibration.

Normal muscle activity is under the control of the central and peripheral, which transmit electrical signals to the muscles.

Neuromuscular stimulation works in exactly the same way, but using an external source (electrical stimulator) with electrodes connected to the patient's skin to transmit electrical impulses to the patient's body. Impulses stimulate nerve endings to the transmission of impulses to a certain group of muscles, which respond by contraction, as in normal muscle activity.

Electrical muscle stimulation is suitable for stimulating all the muscles in the body. It can be used to restore muscle strength after surgical operations, improve motor activity.

It is an excellent means of rehabilitation after acute cerebrovascular accident (), helping patients improve hand function and gait.

Electrical muscle stimulation for the purpose of rehabilitation should be carried out individually under the supervision of a physiotherapist or other rehabilitation worker in order to achieve the best results.

Electromyostimulation prevents painful conditions

With electromyostimulation, the fat layer is reduced, since the muscles need energy to work, and they can draw it only from the fat layer.

Metabolism is significantly improved, each cell of the body receives 3-5 times more oxygen and nutrients, toxic products of intracellular metabolism (so-called slags) and split fat are excreted more intensively, the structure of tissues and blood vessels improves; osteochondrosis phenomena disappear as a result of strengthening the muscular corset, posture and functioning conditions improve internal organs.

Many people experience joint pain sooner or later.:

• in the joint;
• in the wrist joint;
• in the knee and joints;
• V elbow joint and in the region of the condyles - external and internal;
• in the joint.

And in this case, an electromyostimulator comes to the aid of arthrologists and rheumatologists, as well as traumatologists.

Myostimulation has one plus, unattainable with conventional training. When the electric current is applied to the myostimulator, all the muscles of the stimulated zone are included in the work.
Contraindications - standard for massage.

So, to recap:

The device-electromyostimulator is intended for carrying out medical and preventive procedures at home and outpatient conditions for a number of diseases. It is effective in relieving muscle pain, the consequences of injuries, during rehabilitation in case of neuromuscular pathology, it is indicated for use in sports medicine and in the process of training.

Electromyostimulation (myoneurostimulation, myostimulation) is a method of restorative treatment based on electrical stimulation of nerves and muscles, carried out by transmitting current with specified characteristics from a myostimulator to the human body through electrodes. It is widely used for the rehabilitation of patients after injuries, with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, with urinary and fecal incontinence, in professional sports and cosmetology.

NMES (Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation) has been successfully used in medical rehabilitation and as an adjunct to athletic training at all levels. The purpose of electrical muscle stimulation is to achieve muscle contraction or vibration. Normal muscle activity is under the control of the central and peripheral nervous systems, which transmit electrical signals to the muscles. The NMES operates in a similar way, but using an external source (stimulator) with electrodes connected to the patient's skin to transmit electrical impulses to the patient's body. The impulses stimulate the nerve endings to transmit impulses to a specific group of muscles, which respond by contraction, as in normal muscle activity. Electrical muscle stimulation is suitable for stimulating all the muscles in the body. Can be used to restore muscle strength after surgery, fractures, and improve mobility. It is an excellent rehabilitation tool after a stroke, helping patients improve hand function and gait. Electrical muscle stimulation for the purpose of rehabilitation should be carried out individually under the supervision of a physiotherapist or other rehabilitation worker for best results.

TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) provides good results in acute and chronic pain of many origins. The method is clinically proven, used in daily practice by physiotherapists, other specialists and famous athletes around the world. High-frequency TENS activates the pain-inhibiting mechanisms of the nervous system. Electrical impulses from electrodes located on the skin above the pain focus stimulate the nerves to block pain signals in the direction of the brain, and the pain is not perceived. Low frequency TENS stimulates the release of endorphins, natural pain inhibitors. TENS is a safe method of treatment, unlike drugs and other methods of pain relief, it does not have side effects. It can be used as an isolated therapy and as an essential adjunct to other pharmacological and/or physical treatments. TENS does not always treat the cause of the pain. If the pain persists, you should consult your doctor.

Thanks to clinical research, the fields of application of TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) and NMES (neuromuscular electrical stimulation) are rapidly expanding. A bunch of medical institutions around the world is actively working to develop and promote the method as a natural alternative for both physicians and consumers.

incontinence treatment
Electrical stimulation of the pelvic nerves is an established alternative treatment for urinary incontinence. It is also a method of treating fecal incontinence resulting from dysfunction of the pelvic floor muscles or a decrease in the contractility of the anal sphincter. In the treatment of stress incontinence, the goal of electrical stimulation is to contract the voluntary muscle and improve the function of the pelvic floor muscles. In the case of urge incontinence, the goal is to inhibit involuntary contractions. Bladder by stimulating the pelvic floor nerves. When it comes to mixed incontinence, stimulation is used for both urgency and stress incontinence. For fecal incontinence, the goal is to improve control of colonic function by increasing the strength and tone of the pelvic floor muscles.

Electromyostimulation of muscles

Electromyostimulation revealed an increase in the formation of collagen by fibroblasts, an increase in protein biosynthesis and DNA replication, an increase in the activity of protein kinases, which generally leads to an acceleration of tissue granulation and epithelialization.

Electromyostimulation maintains muscle contractility, enhances blood circulation and metabolic processes in tissues, prevents the development of atrophy and contractures.

Conducted in the correct rhythm and at the appropriate current strength, electrical myostimulation creates a flow of nerve impulses entering the central nervous system, which in turn has a positive effect on the restoration of motor functions muscle tissue thanks to the use of electromyostimulators, muscles are strengthened, their tone and elasticity increase. It becomes possible to train any muscle groups, as with the most sophisticated physical exercises.

It is important to note that the presence of "weak" mice against the background of a dozen trained mice creates a general feeling of flabbiness of the entire skeletal muscles.

With electromyostimulation, the fat layer is reduced, since the muscles need energy to work, and they can draw it only from the fat layer. metabolism improves, each cell of the body receives 3-5 times more oxygen and nutrients, products of intracellular metabolism, toxins and split fat are excreted more intensively, the structure of vascular tissues improves; osteochondrosis phenomena disappear as a result of strengthening the muscular corset, posture and conditions for the functioning of internal organs improve.

For stimulation to prevent malnutrition, frequencies of 5–30 Hz are used. To relax tense muscles and general relaxation, a high-frequency mode is used. In the fight against insomnia and fatigue, a continuous low-frequency mode is used.

The usual duration of a session is 30 or 60 minutes. The number of sessions per day is from 2 to 5, depending on the duration of the lasting effect. The average duration of the course is from 10 to 15 days. The data provided is for general purposes only. They are specified taking into account the condition of a particular patient and the results achieved.

Electromyostimulation contraindications

To get the most complete picture of the electrical stimulation procedure, it is necessary to know not only the advantages of this method, but also its disadvantages, which, unfortunately, also exist. Myostimulation, like any other medical procedure, has contraindications - it is necessary to remember this so that the myostimulator does not harm the body.

Is myostimulation harmful? Contraindications to the use of myostimulation:

1. The device for myostimulation is contraindicated for people who have a biocontrolled pacemaker implanted. It is also not recommended to use the device for those who suffer from heart disease, especially in the stage of decompensation.

5. Do not use the device for patients with severe mental disorders and persons suffering from alcoholism and drug addiction. The device should not be used by persons suffering from oncological diseases. In the presence of any chronic disease Before using the device, you should consult your doctor.

6. It is forbidden to install electrodes on areas of the body opposite broken bones. The pressure of the muscle during its contraction can have a negative effect on the process of bone fusion.

7. Do not place electrodes on the sides of the neck and on the throat.

8. Do not place electrodes on inflamed skin, cuts, fresh wounds, scratches, skin breaks or burns, skin rashes, or areas that have recently undergone surgery that has been less than 9 months old.

9. Do not apply electrodes to areas of the body affected by phlebitis. With thrombophlebitis, it is worth abandoning the myostimulation procedure.

10. Classes with a myostimulator are contraindicated for people: in case of circulatory disorders more serious than the second stage, in case of renal and hepatic insufficiency, in case of active tuberculosis of the lungs and kidneys, in the presence of hypersensitivity to impulse current.

11. Do not perform electrical stimulation of the abdominal muscles within 1.5 hours after eating.

12. Do not place electrodes on areas of the body that are not indicated in the recommendations, without the approval of a doctor.

13. The device for myostimulation is contraindicated for use in dermatosis, bleeding, tendency to bleeding, high arterial hypertension, malignant neoplasms, acute purulent inflammatory processes, sepsis, feverish conditions, epilepsy, hernia.

14. Do not use the myostimulator in intimate places, in the groin.

15. If you want to use a pacemaker for children, it is recommended to consult a doctor.

16. Women should perform breast myostimulation with extreme caution. A sad fact, but often in modern women there are neoplasms in the mammary glands, cysts, mastopathy. Therefore, it is necessary to consult a doctor before using a muscle stimulator.

17. After a stroke, myostimulation of the extremities can only be indicated as prescribed by the attending physician. Very often, myostimulation may be the only way to maintain muscle tone until the nervous system is restored.

Myostimulation (electrical stimulation, neurostimulation, physiostimulation, myolifting) - the use of pulsed currents for the treatment and restoration of the natural functioning of muscles, tissues, nerves, internal organs. Myostimulation is widely used as a method of restorative treatment, which is based on electrical stimulation of nerves and muscles, carried out by transmitting current with specified characteristics from the myostimulator to the human body through electrodes.

This technique is in demand for the rehabilitation of patients after injuries, with diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems, with urinary and fecal incontinence, in professional sports in cosmetology. IN last years the method of myostimulation has become widespread in dermatocosmetology.

History of myostimulation

Since ancient times, people have used the electrical action of amber and the discharges of electric fish to treat various paralysis, nervous and rheumatic pains. In ancient Egypt, electric currents produced by certain types of fish were successfully used to treat pharaohs. With the help of this method, ancient people cured gout, complex neuroses and many other diseases. Doctors of ancient Rome kept stingrays in their aquariums - patients were treated by touching the stingray. People who lived on the shores of the Mediterranean knew that touching the human body with certain varieties of fish, stingrays, eels, catfish causes muscle twitching, a feeling of numbness and soothing pain. Discharges of electric fish were used to treat patients suffering from headaches, joint diseases, gout, and paralysis. Even in our time, on the Mediterranean coast and the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, you can sometimes meet elderly people who wander barefoot in shallow water, hoping to be cured of rheumatism or gout by the natural electricity of a stingray.

The principle of action of myostimulation

Myostimulation is based on the effect of artificial excitation of the muscle using an electrical signal that is generated by the myostimulator device and transmitted to the muscle. The physiological effect of electrical stimulation is based on the basic principle common to the biotron effect of all impulse currents - short-term, rhythmically repeating superthreshold shifts in the concentration of the main ions (Ma +, K +, Ca +, Mg +) near the semipermeable membranes of nerve, muscle and other cells various bodies and fabrics. As a result, depolarization of those excitable structures occurs, the lability of which makes it possible to perceive the acting impulse current. This leads to the contraction of muscle fibers and the restoration of cell function. Depending on the intensity of the pulsed current and its frequency, as well as the time of passage in the tissues, the structural features of the organs and tissues on which it acts, a different physiological effect occurs.

What is a myostimulator?

The procedure of myostimulation (electrical stimulation) is performed using special electronic devices - myostimulators, which act on the muscles with electrical impulses. In modern practice, the muscle stimulator is used for body shaping, weight loss, muscle strengthening and building, for people who, due to certain factors, do not have the opportunity or time for regular sports. Myostimulator is a set of electrodes that are attached to the body, and the main electronic unit. In this block, a current of a certain frequency and strength is generated. Depending on the model of the myostimulator, the device may have a different purpose (for the whole body, a butterfly, in the form of a belt or shorts, for facial stimulation), have different power output, the number of pairs of electrodes (and, accordingly, simultaneously trained muscles), the number of programs and additional functions . Myostimulation or electrical stimulation resembles "gymnastics for the lazy" - you are at rest, and your muscles are working. Myostimulation helps to use all excitable structures. Through nerve fibers, excitation is transmitted "up" to the brain centers, and "down" - to the ward organs.

Indications for the use of myostimulation:

• The need for body shaping.
• Overweight.
• Cellulite and stretch marks.
• Flabbiness of muscles, skin.
• Muscle atrophy, muscle wasting (weight loss).
• Circulatory disorders, lymphatic drainage and innervation.
• Neuromuscular pathologies.
• Venous lymphatic insufficiency.
• Sports medicine.
• Muscle injury.
• Violation of the sensitivity of the skin due to injuries and diseases of the brain and spinal cord.
• Peripheral (flaccid) paresis and paralysis (limitation of active movements) due to trauma and diseases of the nerves (neuritis).

Positive effects of myostimulation in dermatocosmetology

Muscle stimulators are quite simple and useful simulators. There are not so many happy owners of luxurious figures. And those who seem to be "lucky" do not always find it easy to have an athletic body. Often, a beautiful figure hides a lot of workouts and procedures. Modern electromyostimulators are designed to help everyone who wants to correct the figure and achieve a beautiful healthy body. The muscle stimulator is an ideal tool for maintaining and training muscles, in particular those that are weakly involved in normal physical activity. These include the internal muscles of the thigh, longitudinal muscles of the back, oblique muscles and others. Even with all the desire, for example, when actively walking, running or training in the gym, these muscles remain aloof from the general process and can give the impression of flabbiness. In this case, myostimulation is a kind of lifeline for a person. Myostimulation helps to achieve good results with minimal stress.

During myostimulation, pulsed electrical currents cause the muscles of the body to actively contract. At the same time, there is an effect on the walls of blood vessels, which leads to an improvement in blood circulation and lymph flow, metabolism is activated and local lipolysis occurs. All this is an excellent tool for training muscles. Electrical stimulation increases muscle tone, helps to increase their mass, strengthens and develops, and also promotes the burning of fat cells. Currently, myostimulation is a popular procedure, and is actively used in many beauty salons, and is also used for lymphatic drainage.

Myostimulation perfectly helps with difficult cases of weak muscles of the anterior abdominal wall in women who have given birth, restoring muscle tone. According to statistics, about 3-5 centimeters leave the waist. The optimal solution is the use of myostimulation, coupled with other anti-cellulite agents - body wraps, massage. Stimulation of the thigh muscles also helps to achieve good results - the volume of the thighs and the appearance of cellulite are reduced.

Electrical stimulation improves blood circulation and lymph flow, tissue nutrition, activates metabolism, increases the permeability of vascular walls, reserve capillaries open, motor excitation and muscle contraction are caused, biologically active substances are formed in stimulated tissues. The combination of these factors helps to reduce the volume of fat cells, remove metabolic products from problem areas (which is very important for cellulite), strengthen even very weak and lazy muscles. The contractions caused by myostimulation, like the effect of a massage, contribute to a more rapid removal of toxins and toxins accumulated in the tissues.

The advantage of myostimulation is that it helps to get to the muscles that are located very deep, and which, under normal conditions, are quite difficult to train. These include the muscles of the inner thigh, back. Another rather tangible plus of myostimulation for women is the ability to work on muscle mass without resorting to

Fat breakdown

With the help of a muscle stimulator, you can simulate, for example, fast walking. If you adjust the parameters of electrical stimulation so that the contraction period is equal to the relaxation period, then as a result, the level of energy consumption will increase, and, consequently, the utilization of excess calories. This will lead to the breakdown of fat and a decrease in the volume of fat cells.

Muscle strengthening

High-quality myostimulators have a fairly wide range of settings and a large number of embedded programs, which allows you to reproduce an effect similar to exercise, for any muscle group.

Improvement of blood circulation

The impulses created by the muscle stimulator cause muscle contractions, like the hands of a massage therapist. Myostimulation has an effect on the walls of blood vessels, leading to an improvement in blood circulation and lymph flow, and metabolic processes are activated. All this helps to more quickly remove toxins, accumulated toxic substances, excess intracellular fluid and split fat. As you know, with cellulite, blood circulation is difficult due to accumulated fat, so its activation is especially important.

Cellulite treatment

Many doctors - cosmetologists refer cellulite to "secondary female sexual characteristics." In this adipose tissue with uneven seals, a woman accumulates a supply of energy "for a rainy day." With unaesthetic manifestations of cellulite, the so-called "orange peel", they try to fight in various ways - from surgical (liposuction) and quasi-surgical (electrolipolysis) to chemical and biochemical anti-cellulite creams and patches.
To date, there is no reliable evidence of the effectiveness of medicinal methods to combat cellulite. Liposuction and electrolipolysis are very expensive and not always safe operations. Electromyostimulation (EMS) allows you to perform quasi-electrolipolysis without surgical intervention, without the slightest risk to health and with an efficiency of at least 60% - 70% of electrolipolysis.

Lymphatic drainage

Excess fat deposits primarily disrupt the circulation of lymph - lymphatic drainage in the body. But it is the lymphatic system that ensures the delivery of nutrients to the tissues of the body and the removal of decay products.
By ensuring good lymph circulation, metabolism improves, general state body, skin and muscle tissue. The activity of the lymphatic circulation is determined, first of all, by the activity of the muscles, since it is their contraction that ensures the movement of the lymph. Myostimulation allows you to very effectively increase lymphatic drainage.

muscle gain

Myostimulation allows you to solve both the problem of strengthening muscles and reducing excess weight, which especially attracts women, and the problem of increasing muscle volume and mass, which often worries men. The device is a very effective assistant in "bodybuilding", supplementing, and in many cases replacing intensive training with "iron". In this case, it is advisable to use a balanced protein diet.

Contraindications to myostimulation.

• The device for myostimulation is contraindicated for people who have a biocontrolled pacemaker implanted. It is also not recommended to use the device for those who suffer from heart disease, especially in the stage of decompensation.
• The device for myostimulation is not recommended for use during colds, flu or other viral diseases. It is highly not recommended to use muscle stimulators during pregnancy, because. the effect of myostimulation on pregnant women has not been fully studied.
• It is not recommended to use the device-myostimulator for people suffering from diseases gastrointestinal tract, urolithiasis and gallstone diseases.
• Do not use the device for patients with severe mental disorders and persons suffering from alcoholism and drug addiction. The device should not be used by persons suffering from oncological diseases. If you have any chronic disease, you should consult your doctor before using the device.
• It is forbidden to place electrodes on areas of the body opposite broken bones. The pressure of the muscle during its contraction can have a negative effect on the process of bone fusion.
• Do not place electrodes on the sides of the neck and throat.
• Do not place electrodes on inflamed skin, cuts, fresh wounds, scrapes, skin breaks or burns, skin rashes, or areas that have recently had surgery less than 9 months old.
• Do not apply electrodes to areas of the body affected by phlebitis. With thrombophlebitis, it is worth abandoning the myostimulation procedure. Classes with a myostimulator are contraindicated for people: with circulatory disorders more serious than the second stage, with renal and hepatic insufficiency, with active tuberculosis of the lungs and kidneys, in the presence of hypersensitivity to pulsed current.
• Do not perform electrical stimulation of the abdominal muscles within 1.5 hours after eating. The device for myostimulation is contraindicated for use in dermatosis, bleeding, bleeding tendency, high arterial hypertension, malignant neoplasms, acute purulent inflammatory processes, sepsis, feverish conditions, epilepsy, hernia.
• Do not use the muscle stimulator in intimate places, in the groin.
• Women should perform breast myostimulation with extreme caution. A sad fact, but often in modern women there are neoplasms in the mammary glands, cysts, mastopathy. Therefore, it is necessary to consult a doctor before using a muscle stimulator.